Ain Qurat Ul, Asad Shahzad, Ahad Karam, Safdar Muhammad Naeem, Jamal Atif
PARC Institute of Advanced Studies in Agriculture, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan.
Crop Diseases Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan.
Pathogens. 2022 Mar 12;11(3):347. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11030347.
Fusarium wilt has ruined banana production and poses a major threat to its industry because of highly virulent f. sp. (Foc) race 4. The present study focused on the efficacy of leaf extracts and its organic fractions against Foc in in vitro and greenhouse experiments. The presence of polyphenols in the fractions was also investigated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The in vitro tests carried out for the leaf extract of showed its inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth and, based on this evidence, further characterization of fractions were done. Complete mycelial inhibition and the highest zone of inhibition against Foc was observed for the n-butanol fraction in vitro, while the n-hexane and dichloromethane fractions showed lower disease severity index (DSI) in greenhouse experiments. The fractions were further analysed by HPLC using nine polyphenolic standards, namely quercitin, myrecitin, kaempferol, rutin, gallic acid, trans-ferulic acid, coumeric acid, epicatechin and catechin. The highest content of polyphenols, based on standards used, was quantified in the n-butanol fraction followed by the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf extract. This is the first report of antimicrobial activity of extracts against Foc to the best of our knowledge.
由于高毒力的尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型（Foc）4号生理小种，枯萎病已毁掉香蕉生产并对其产业构成重大威胁。本研究聚焦于叶片提取物及其有机组分在体外和温室试验中对Foc的功效。还使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）研究了各组分中多酚的存在情况。对叶片提取物进行的体外试验显示了其对菌丝体生长的抑制作用，并基于此证据对各组分进行了进一步表征。体外试验中观察到正丁醇组分对Foc有完全的菌丝体抑制作用和最大的抑菌圈，而在温室试验中正己烷和二氯甲烷组分显示出较低的病情严重指数（DSI）。使用九种多酚标准品，即槲皮素、杨梅素、山奈酚、芦丁、没食子酸、反式阿魏酸、香豆酸、表儿茶素和儿茶素，通过HPLC对各组分进行了进一步分析。基于所使用的标准品，正丁醇组分中多酚含量最高，其次是叶片提取物的乙酸乙酯组分。据我们所知，这是关于提取物对Foc抗菌活性的首次报道。
