Brunet Kévin, Martellosio Jean-Philippe, Tewes Frédéric, Marchand Sandrine, Rammaert Blandine
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1070, Pôle Biologie Santé, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, 86022 Poitiers, France.
Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, 6 rue de la Milétrie, 86073 Poitiers, France.
Pharmaceutics. 2022 Mar 14;14(3):641. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030641.
Pulmonary mold infections are life-threatening diseases with high morbi-mortalities. Treatment is based on systemic antifungal agents belonging to the families of polyenes (amphotericin B) and triazoles. Despite this treatment, mortality remains high and the doses of systemic antifungals cannot be increased as they often lead to toxicity. The pulmonary aerosolization of antifungal agents can theoretically increase their concentration at the infectious site, which could improve their efficacy while limiting their systemic exposure and toxicity. However, clinical experience is poor and thus inhaled agent utilization remains unclear in term of indications, drugs, and devices. This comprehensive literature review aims to describe the pharmacokinetic behavior and the efficacy of inhaled antifungal drugs as prophylaxes and curative treatments both in animal models and humans.
肺部霉菌感染是具有高发病率和死亡率的危及生命的疾病。治疗基于属于多烯类（两性霉素B）和三唑类的全身性抗真菌药物。尽管进行了这种治疗，但死亡率仍然很高，并且全身性抗真菌药物的剂量不能增加，因为它们常常导致毒性。抗真菌药物的肺部雾化理论上可以提高其在感染部位的浓度，这可以提高其疗效，同时限制其全身暴露和毒性。然而，临床经验不足，因此在适应症、药物和装置方面，吸入剂的使用仍不明确。这篇全面的文献综述旨在描述吸入性抗真菌药物在动物模型和人类中作为预防和治疗药物的药代动力学行为和疗效。
