Sun Qinglin, Lai Liming, Zhou Jihua, Liu Xin, Zheng Yuanrun
Key Laboratory of Resource Plants, West China Subalpine Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Mar 9;11(6):725. doi: 10.3390/plants11060725.
Ex situ conservation plays an important role in the conservation and utilization of plant resources. In recent years, botanical gardens have greatly improved the ex situ conservation of plants, and research has mainly focused on morphological characteristics, reproduction technology, and conservation value. There are few studies on the ecophysiological traits of plants after conservation. Forty-seven plants that are frequently used in North China and were grown in the Beijing Botanic Garden were selected to measure their photosynthetic traits, light-use efficiency (LUE), water-use efficiency (WUE), specific leaf area (SLA), relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), and leaf water potential (φ). An analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in the ecophysiological traits of the leaves of 47 woody species. The light saturation point (LSP), net photosynthetic rate at light saturation (Pnmax), φ, and SLA had significant differences among different plant life forms. The SLA and SPAD of leaves were significantly different among the families. The LUE of all species reached its maximum under a low light intensity, and species with a large difference between the light saturation point and light compensation point had larger Pnmax values. This research further adds to the understanding of the adaptation mechanisms of plants to the environment under the conditions of a botanical garden as well as the environmental fitness in a long-term ex situ domestication and then helps with scientifically setting up artificial management conditions.
迁地保护在植物资源的保护和利用中发挥着重要作用。近年来，植物园极大地改善了植物的迁地保护，研究主要集中在形态特征、繁殖技术和保护价值方面。对于保护后植物的生理生态特性研究较少。选取了华北地区常用且在北京植物园种植的47种植物，测定其光合特性、光能利用效率（LUE）、水分利用效率（WUE）、比叶面积（SLA）、叶绿素相对含量（SPAD）和叶水势（φ）。方差分析表明，47种木本植物叶片的生理生态特性存在显著差异。不同植物生活型之间的光饱和点（LSP）、光饱和时的净光合速率（Pnmax）、φ和SLA存在显著差异。不同科之间叶片的SLA和SPAD存在显著差异。所有物种的LUE在低光强下达到最大值，光饱和点与光补偿点差异大的物种具有较大的Pnmax值。本研究进一步增进了对植物园条件下植物适应环境机制以及长期迁地驯化中环境适应性的理解，进而有助于科学地设置人工管理条件。
