Robustelli Della Cuna Francesco Saverio, Cortis Pierluigi, Esposito Fabiana, De Agostini Antonio, Sottani Cristina, Sanna Cinzia
Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Casimiro Mondino National Neurological Institute, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Mar 20;11(6):826. doi: 10.3390/plants11060826.
Orchidaceae is a flowering plant family worldwide distributed known for producing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which can act as olfactory signals for pollinators. Despite the importance of VOCs in the different reproductive strategies, in the literature there are only a few publications on the characterization of orchids' volatile profiles. In this study, the essential oils from fresh inflorescences of sympatric orchids , , and , naturally growing in Piedmont (Italy) were isolated by steam distillation and characterized by GC/FID and GC/MS. A number of compounds were identified, with a peculiar distribution in the species: alcohols (range 16.93-50.60%), from which -cresol (range 12.75-38.10%) was the most representative compound; saturated hydrocarbons (range 5.81-59.29%), represented by pentacosane (range 2.22-40.17%) and tricosane (range 0.78-27.48%); long-chain monounsaturated hydrocarbons (range 0.29-5.20%) represented by 9-pentacosene, 11-tricosene, and 1-heneicosene. The structure of positional isomers in linear alkenes was elucidated by derivatization with dimethyl disulfide and MS fragmentation patterns. Coumarin (68.84%) was the dominant compound in and was detected in lower concentrations (range 0.21-0.26%) in the other taxa. These volatile compounds may represent a particular feature of these plant species and play an essential role in pollinator interaction.
兰科是一种分布于全球的开花植物科，以产生挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）而闻名，这些化合物可作为传粉者的嗅觉信号。尽管VOCs在不同的繁殖策略中很重要，但在文献中，关于兰花挥发性成分特征的出版物却很少。在本研究中，通过水蒸气蒸馏法从自然生长于意大利 Piedmont 的同域兰花、、和的新鲜花序中分离出精油，并通过气相色谱/火焰离子化检测器（GC/FID）和气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）进行表征。鉴定出了许多化合物，这些化合物在物种中具有独特的分布：醇类（含量范围为 16.93 - 50.60%），其中对甲酚（含量范围为 12.75 - 38.10%）是最具代表性的化合物；饱和烃类（含量范围为 5.81 - 59.29%），以二十五烷（含量范围为 2.22 - 40.17%）和二十三烷（含量范围为 0.78 - 27.48%）为代表；长链单不饱和烃类（含量范围为 0.29 - 5.20%），以 9 - 二十五碳烯、11 - 二十三碳烯和 1 - 二十一碳烯为代表。通过二甲基二硫醚衍生化和质谱裂解模式阐明了直链烯烃中位置异构体的结构。香豆素（68.84%）是中的主要化合物，在其他分类群中的浓度较低（含量范围为 0.21 - 0.26%）。这些挥发性化合物可能代表了这些植物物种的一个特殊特征，并在与传粉者的相互作用中发挥重要作用。
