Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Changsha 410011, China.
Viruses. 2022 Mar 12;14(3):590. doi: 10.3390/v14030590.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been generally considered as a highly adaptive and rapidly evolving virus. It still constitutes a major public health problem all over the world despite an effective outcome in the prevention and reversal of the development and prognosis by using antiretroviral therapy. The salient question lies in the more frequent emergence of a series of comorbidities along with the prolongation of the life, which deeply affects the survival in such group. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been recognized to be the third most common cardiovascular condition within people living with HIV (PWH). In terms of its mechanism of action, the occurrence of VTE is quite multifactorial and complex in HIV. Prior exploration concerning the etiology of VTE in PWH identifies general, disease-specific, and miscellaneous factors for explaining its occurrence and development. VTE has constituted an important role in PWH and may increase its all-cause mortality. Therefore, it is quite necessary to understand VTE from the following aspects of epidemiology, pathophysiology, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions so as to balance the risks and benefits of anticoagulation and optimize corresponding treatment.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）通常被认为是一种高度适应和快速进化的病毒。尽管通过使用抗逆转录病毒疗法在预防和逆转发展和预后方面取得了有效成果，但它仍然是全世界的一个主要公共卫生问题。突出的问题在于，随着寿命的延长，一系列合并症更频繁地出现，这深深地影响了该人群的生存。静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）已被认为是 HIV 感染者（PWH）中第三常见的心血管疾病。就其作用机制而言，HIV 中 VTE 的发生是多因素且复杂的。针对 PWH 中 VTE 的病因学的早期探索确定了一般、疾病特异性和杂项因素，以解释其发生和发展。VTE 在 PWH 中起着重要作用，可能会增加其全因死亡率。因此，从流行病学、病理生理学、分子机制和治疗干预等方面了解 VTE 是非常必要的，以便平衡抗凝的风险和益处，并优化相应的治疗。
