Schwalbe-Fehl M
Int J Environ Anal Chem. 1986;26(3-4):295-304. doi: 10.1080/03067318608077121.
A review is presented which summarizes the recent developments of immunoassays in environmental analytical chemistry. The basic principle of the method and the following steps in the development of an immunoassay procedure are discussed in detail: Synthesis of the immunogen, immunization procedure, synthesis of the labelled antigen (tracer), advantages and drawbacks of radioimmunoassay, fluoroimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay. A special emphasis is put on approved methods which can be applied in almost any analytical laboratory. Numerous examples of immunoassays for different pesticides and pollutants (dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, mycotoxins) are presented. Besides the respective test features, their applicability for residue determinations in biological samples is kept in the foreground. The advantages and drawbacks of the immunoassays are discussed in comparison with conventional analytical methods. An outlook to future application fields for immunoassays and new trends (e.g. the utilization of monoclonal antibodies) is presented.
本文综述了免疫分析在环境分析化学中的最新进展。详细讨论了该方法的基本原理以及免疫分析程序开发的后续步骤：免疫原的合成、免疫程序、标记抗原（示踪剂）的合成、放射免疫分析、荧光免疫分析和酶免疫分析的优缺点。特别强调了可应用于几乎任何分析实验室的认可方法。列举了针对不同农药和污染物（二恶英、多氯联苯、霉菌毒素）的免疫分析的大量实例。除了各自的测试特点外，还重点介绍了它们在生物样品残留测定中的适用性。与传统分析方法相比，讨论了免疫分析的优缺点。展望了免疫分析未来的应用领域和新趋势（例如单克隆抗体的应用）。
