Salles Débora, Samartini Raquel Spindola, Alves Maria Teresa de Seixas, Malinverni Andréa Cristina de Moraes, Stávale João Norberto
Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista, de Medicina, Botucatu Street, 740 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Pathology, Universidade Federal, de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Pedro de Toledo Street, 781, 5° floor - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Napoleão de Barros Street, 754 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Apr;60:103749. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103749. Epub 2022 Mar 19.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which usually affects young adults between 20 and 40 years old. In chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis, CNS cells take on several adaptations during neuroinflammation. The main cells involved in this inflammatory process are the glial cells, in which the astrocytes stand out. These cells play a complex role, and several studies report that reactive astrocytes lose their supporting role and gain toxic function in the progression of these diseases.
The beneficial and injurious effects of this group of cells in MS are addressed in this work, as well as some drugs that are already used in the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis, aiming to regulate astrocytic activities.
The knowledge about the functions of astrocytes is essential for the expansion of scientific research in this area, since these cells are so important and involved in different mechanisms of action, especially in neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种中枢神经系统（CNS）的慢性自身免疫性疾病，通常影响20至40岁的年轻人。在诸如多发性硬化症等慢性神经退行性疾病中，中枢神经系统细胞在神经炎症期间会出现多种适应性变化。参与这一炎症过程的主要细胞是神经胶质细胞，其中星形胶质细胞尤为突出。这些细胞发挥着复杂的作用，多项研究报告称，反应性星形胶质细胞在这些疾病的进展过程中失去其支持作用并获得毒性功能。
本文探讨了这组细胞在多发性硬化症中的有益和有害作用，以及一些已用于治疗多发性硬化症患者的药物，旨在调节星形胶质细胞的活性。
由于星形胶质细胞非常重要且参与不同的作用机制，尤其是在神经退行性疾病和自身免疫性疾病中，因此关于星形胶质细胞功能的知识对于该领域科学研究的拓展至关重要。
