Heinz Jessica, Anderson Kadie, Wolf Karen
Point Defiance Zoo & Aquarium, Tacoma, WA 98406, USA,
Point Defiance Zoo & Aquarium, Tacoma, WA 98406, USA.
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2022 Mar;53(1):11-18. doi: 10.1638/2019-0081.
Tufted puffins () are commonly exhibited in zoologic institutions across the world, yet there is a paucity of information on causes of mortality in managed populations. This retrospective review reports the pathologic findings associated with 91 tufted puffins at a single institution over 35 years from 1982 to 2017. Common pathologic findings were evaluated by age at death, sex, year, and season. With the exception of neonates, the leading pathologic finding across all age classes was aspergillosis, particularly in adults. Hemoparasitism, predation, and trauma were also frequent causes of mortality. Neonatal mortality was common and primarily caused by omphalitis, yolk sac disease, and bacterial septicemia, with most cultures revealing . This study also provides documentation of mortality in tufted puffins secondary to avian pox and suspected toxoplasmosis. Understanding morbidity and mortality trends within a population allows institutions to form management plans and implement practices to improve outcomes and survival.
簇羽海鹦（ ）在世界各地的动物园中普遍展出，但关于人工饲养种群中死亡原因的信息却很少。这项回顾性研究报告了1982年至2017年35年间，一家机构内91只簇羽海鹦的病理检查结果。通过死亡年龄、性别、年份和季节对常见病理检查结果进行评估。除了新生雏鸟外，所有年龄组中最主要的病理检查结果是曲霉菌病，尤其是在成年海鹦中。血液寄生虫感染、捕食和外伤也是常见的死亡原因。新生雏鸟死亡率很高，主要由脐炎、卵黄囊疾病和细菌性败血症引起，大多数培养结果显示 。本研究还记录了继发于禽痘和疑似弓形虫病的簇羽海鹦死亡情况。了解种群中的发病和死亡趋势有助于各机构制定管理计划并实施相关措施，以改善结果和提高存活率。
