Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P. M. B., 5025, Awka, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, P. M. B., 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
Environ Res. 2022 Sep;212(Pt A):113123. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113123. Epub 2022 Mar 24.
The intensification of urbanisation and industrial activities significantly exacerbates the distribution of toxic contaminations into the aqueous environment. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have received considerable attention in the past few decades because of their persistence, long-distance migration, potential bioaccumulation, latent toxicity for humans and wildlife. There is no doubt that POPs cause serious effects on the global ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a simple, safe and sustainable approach to remove POPs from water bodies. Among other conventional techniques, the adsorption process has proven to be a more effective method for eliminating POPs and to a larger extent meet discharge regulations. Nanomaterials can effectively adsorb POPs from aqueous solutions. For most POPs, a >70% adsorptive removal efficiency was achieved. The major mechanisms for POPS uptake by nano-adsorbents includes electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic (van der Waals, π-π and electron donor-acceptor) interaction and hydrogen bonding. Nano-adsorbent can sustain a >90% POPs adsorptive removal for about 3 cycles and reuseable for up to 10 cycles. Challenges around adsorbent ecotoxicity and safe disposal were also discussed. The present review evaluated recent research outcomes on nanomaterials that are employed to remove POPs in water systems.
城市化和工业活动的加剧，显著加剧了有毒污染物在水环境中的分布。持久性有机污染物（POPs）在过去几十年中受到了相当多的关注，因为它们具有持久性、长距离迁移性、潜在的生物蓄积性、对人类和野生动物的潜在毒性。毫无疑问，POPs 对全球生态系统造成了严重影响。因此，有必要开发一种简单、安全和可持续的方法来从水体中去除 POPs。在其他常规技术中，吸附工艺已被证明是一种更有效的去除 POPs 的方法，在更大程度上满足了排放标准。纳米材料可以有效地从水溶液中吸附 POPs。对于大多数 POPs，吸附去除效率达到了>70%。纳米吸附剂对 POPS 的主要吸收机制包括静电相互作用、疏水（范德华、π-π 和电子供体-受体）相互作用和氢键。纳米吸附剂可持续进行>90%的 POPs 吸附去除约 3 个循环，可重复使用多达 10 个循环。还讨论了吸附剂的生态毒性和安全处置方面的挑战。本综述评估了最近关于纳米材料的研究成果，这些研究成果用于去除水系统中的 POPs。
