Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Lion Hill Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
Changjiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research CO., LTD, No. 1863, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430010, People's Republic of China.
J Control Release. 2022 May;345:675-684. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.040. Epub 2022 Mar 24.
As the slow-release fertilizer, oil-coated fertilizer can not only slow down the nutrients loss, but also have outstanding advantages in controlling the nutrients release. Based on a large number of literature, this paper systematically investigated the composition, classification, properties and preparation of oil-coated fertilizers, summarizes the challenges faced by the oil-coated fertilizers and offers a few suggestions for the future research. Through literature research, some important conclusions were found: (1) Oil-coated fertilizers are generally composed of core fertilizers and coated oil layers, and some have active interlayers. (2) Vegetable oils has the characteristics of easy degradation, water resistance and impact resistance, and the nutrient release curves of vegetable oil coated fertilizer in soil and still water are "S" type. (3) The modified polyurethane exhibits good compatibility with urea, and can control the release of N in a long period of time, which is 30 days longer than the N release life of ordinary polyurethane-coated fertilizers. (4) Oil-coated fertilizers can reduce the loss of N by slowing down the hydrolysis rate of urea and the nitrification from NH to NO, which reduces the NO release by 70-80% compared to the uncoated fertilizers. Moreover, the paper also proposes a new preparation method of oil-coated material.
作为缓效肥料，包膜肥料不仅可以减缓养分损失，而且在控制养分释放方面具有突出的优势。本文在大量文献的基础上，系统地研究了包膜肥料的组成、分类、性质和制备方法，总结了包膜肥料所面临的挑战，并对未来的研究提出了一些建议。通过文献研究，得出了一些重要的结论：（1）包膜肥料一般由核心肥料和包膜油层组成，有些还有活性中间层。（2）植物油具有易降解、耐水、耐冲击的特点，包膜植物油肥料在土壤和静水中的养分释放曲线呈“S”型。（3）改性聚氨酯与尿素相容性好，能长时间控制 N 的释放，比普通聚氨酯包膜肥料的 N 释放寿命长 30 天。（4）包膜肥料通过减缓尿素的水解速率和 NH 向 NO 的硝化作用来减少 N 的损失，与未包膜肥料相比，NO 的释放减少了 70-80%。此外，本文还提出了一种新的包膜材料的制备方法。
