Mantri Shilpa S, Ballam Nagaraj Niraj, Patel Chirag, Solanki Kinjal, Rana Haris
Internal Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, USA.
Internal Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital, New Brunswick, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Feb 9;14(2):e22045. doi: 10.7759/cureus.22045. eCollection 2022 Feb.
The authors present a rare case of an exanthematous drug reaction to intravenous iron. Exanthematous drug eruptions, also called morbilliform or maculopapular drug rashes, can occur in first-time drug exposures and represent a subtype of delayed-type IV hypersensitivity reactions. This patient is a 49-year-old female with a history of iron deficiency anemia and hypothyroidism who presented to the emergency department after experiencing a diffuse whole-body maculopapular rash following ferumoxytol 510 mg intravenously received once two days prior to her presentation. A clinical examination was suspicious of an exanthematous drug eruption. The patient was treated with methylprednisolone 40 mg intravenously twice a day for three days, followed by prednisone 40 mg orally twice a day for two days with a steroid taper upon discharge. The patient's rash resolved within five days of steroid treatment. There is a high global prevalence of iron deficiency anemia for which intravenous iron replacement may be required. However, there is limited research addressing its adverse effects, particularly those that include delayed hypersensitivity reactions. This paper aims to alert healthcare professionals of a rare type of delayed hypersensitivity reaction to intravenous iron to better guide management in the clinical setting.
作者报告了一例罕见的静脉注射铁剂引起的药疹。药疹,也称为麻疹样或斑丘疹性药疹,可发生在首次接触药物时,是迟发型IV型超敏反应的一种亚型。该患者为49岁女性,有缺铁性贫血和甲状腺功能减退病史,在静脉注射510mg铁羧麦芽糖两天后出现全身弥漫性斑丘疹,随后就诊于急诊科。临床检查怀疑是药疹。患者接受了为期三天的静脉注射甲泼尼龙40mg,每日两次,随后口服泼尼松40mg,每日两次,共两天,并在出院时逐渐减量。患者的皮疹在接受类固醇治疗的五天内消退。全球缺铁性贫血的患病率很高,可能需要静脉补充铁剂。然而,关于其不良反应的研究有限,尤其是那些包括迟发型超敏反应的不良反应。本文旨在提醒医护人员注意一种罕见的静脉注射铁剂引起的迟发型超敏反应,以便在临床环境中更好地指导治疗。