Lin Yongwang, Gong Tao, Ma Qizhao, Jing Meiling, Zheng Ting, Yan Jiangchuan, Chen Jiamin, Pan Yangyang, Sun Qun, Zhou Xuedong, Li Yuqing
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Key Laboratory of Bio-resources & Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
J Oral Microbiol. 2022 Mar 23;14(1):2056291. doi: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2056291. eCollection 2022.
Dental caries is among the most prevalent chronic oral infectious diseases. , a major cariogenic bacterial species, possesses several cariogenicity-associated characteristics, including exopolysaccharides (EPS) synthesis, biofilm formation, acidogenicity, and aciduricity. Nicotinamide (NAM), a form of vitamin B3, is a non-toxic, orally available, and inexpensive compound. The present study investigated the inhibitory effects of NAM on the cariogenic virulence factors of and . NAM inhibited the growth of UA159 and the clinical isolates. In addition, there was a decrease in the acid production and acid tolerance ability, as well as biofilm formation and EPS production of after NAM treatment. Global gene expression profiling showed that 128 and 58 genes were significantly downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in NAM-treated strains. The differentially expressed genes were mainly associated with carbohydrate transport and metabolism, glycolysis, acid tolerance. Moreover, in a rat caries model, NAM significantly reduced the incidence and severity of smooth and sulcal-surface caries . NAM exhibited good antimicrobial properties against , indicating its potential value for antibiofilm and anti-caries applications.
龋齿是最常见的慢性口腔感染性疾病之一。变形链球菌作为一种主要的致龋细菌，具有多种与致龋性相关的特性，包括胞外多糖（EPS）合成、生物膜形成、产酸性和耐酸性。烟酰胺（NAM）是维生素B3的一种形式，是一种无毒、口服可用且价格低廉的化合物。本研究调查了NAM对变形链球菌和远缘链球菌致龋毒力因子的抑制作用。NAM抑制了变形链球菌UA159和临床分离株的生长。此外，NAM处理后，变形链球菌的产酸和耐酸能力以及生物膜形成和EPS产生均有所下降。全基因组表达谱分析表明，在NAM处理的变形链球菌菌株中，分别有128个和58个基因显著下调和上调。差异表达基因主要与碳水化合物转运和代谢、糖酵解、耐酸性有关。此外，在大鼠龋齿模型中，NAM显著降低了光滑面和沟裂面龋齿的发生率和严重程度。NAM对变形链球菌表现出良好的抗菌性能，表明其在抗生物膜和抗龋齿应用中的潜在价值。
