Corneoplastic unit, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, England.
Eye (Lond). 2023 Apr;37(5):823-829. doi: 10.1038/s41433-022-02036-z. Epub 2022 Mar 28.
There has been much interest in the role of oral nicotinamide supplementation in reducing the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancers. This article reviews the hypothesised mechanisms of action of nicotinamide, and the available literature outlining its role for this purpose. There have been five randomised controlled trials (RCT), one histopathological study and two case series exploring the effect of oral nicotinamide supplementation on UV-induced immunosuppression of the skin, and incidence of actinic keratoses and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). The largest RCT received criticism of the statistical analyses used, but the critics still acknowledged a likely benefit of treatment with oral nicotinamide in reducing the incidence of NMSC. Nicotinamide has a favourable safety profile. Current evidence is not definitive that oral nicotinamide supplementation reduces the incidence of NMSC, but it constitutes a low-risk management option that may be particularly relevant for high-risk individuals, and should be discussed as an option for these patients.
人们对口服烟酰胺补充剂在降低非黑色素瘤皮肤癌发病率中的作用非常感兴趣。本文综述了烟酰胺的作用机制假说，以及概述其在这方面作用的现有文献。已有五项随机对照试验（RCT）、一项组织病理学研究和两项病例系列研究探讨了口服烟酰胺补充剂对紫外线诱导的皮肤免疫抑制、光化性角化病和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（NMSC）发病率的影响。最大的 RCT 受到了对所使用的统计分析的批评，但批评者仍然承认口服烟酰胺治疗可能对降低 NMSC 的发病率有益。烟酰胺具有良好的安全性。目前的证据尚不能确定口服烟酰胺补充剂是否能降低 NMSC 的发病率，但它是一种低风险的管理选择，特别是对高危人群有意义，应将其作为这些患者的一种选择进行讨论。
