Bonnaveiro N, Chevalier J, Crémieux A
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1986 Jun;34(5 Pt 2):639-42.
Since the publication of Afnor standards for the determination of bactericidal activity we have studied different antiseptics. Most were inactive on the test strains of Mycobacteria, M. smegmatis. We investigated one antiseptic that did exhibit bactericidal activity against M. smegmatis to find out whether this product's spectrum included other mycobacteria such as those responsible for skin diseases (M. marinum, M. ulcerans, M. chelonei and M. fortuitum). We used the dilution-neutralization method (NF T 72-150) according to all the Afnor requisites, changing only the strains (5 mycobacterial strains recently recovered from clinical specimens), culture conditions, and, for some studies, temperature (21 degrees C and 32 degrees C) and time of contact (5 and 30 minutes). Under Afnor standard conditions (5 mn at 21 degrees C), the tested antiseptic in a concentration of 90% was bactericidal only for M. smegmatis. For the other strains, inhibition was limited (M. fortuitum) or nearly non-existent (M. chelonei). Another series of tests at 32 degrees C showed bactericidal activity (5 log reduction) in 5 minutes for all strains including M. marinum. Despite the fact that these results are of limited practical usefulness, they show 1) that trials under strict conditions can be carried out with all Mycobacteria (including slow growing species), and 2) that broad spectrum bactericidal antiseptics are available.
自从法国标准化协会（Afnor）发布用于测定杀菌活性的标准以来，我们研究了多种防腐剂。大多数防腐剂对耻垢分枝杆菌等分枝杆菌测试菌株没有活性。我们研究了一种确实对耻垢分枝杆菌具有杀菌活性的防腐剂，以确定该产品的抗菌谱是否包括其他分枝杆菌，例如那些可导致皮肤疾病的分枝杆菌（海分枝杆菌、溃疡分枝杆菌、龟分枝杆菌和偶然分枝杆菌）。我们根据Afnor的所有要求采用稀释中和法（NF T 72 - 150），仅改变菌株（最近从临床标本中分离出的5种分枝杆菌菌株）、培养条件，并且在某些研究中改变温度（21摄氏度和32摄氏度）和接触时间（5分钟和30分钟）。在Afnor标准条件下（21摄氏度，5分钟），浓度为90%的受试防腐剂仅对耻垢分枝杆菌具有杀菌作用。对于其他菌株，抑制作用有限（偶然分枝杆菌）或几乎不存在（龟分枝杆菌）。在32摄氏度下进行的另一系列测试表明，包括海分枝杆菌在内的所有菌株在5分钟内均呈现杀菌活性（菌数减少5个对数级）。尽管这些结果的实际用途有限，但它们表明：1）可以在严格条件下对所有分枝杆菌（包括生长缓慢的菌种）进行试验；2）存在广谱杀菌防腐剂。
