乘用车内何时以及谁会感染冠状病毒的数值研究。
Numerical study of when and who will get infected by coronavirus in passenger car.
机构信息
Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia.
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
出版信息
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Aug;29(38):57232-57247. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19824-5. Epub 2022 Mar 28.
In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is becoming extremely necessary to assess respiratory disease transmission in passenger cars. This study numerically investigated the human respiration activities' effects, such as breathing and speaking, on the transport characteristics of respiratory-induced contaminants in passenger car. The main objective of the present study is to accurately predict when and who will get infected by coronavirus while sharing a passenger car with a patient of COVID-19 or similar viruses. To achieve this goal, transient simulations were conducted in passenger car. We conducted a 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based investigation of indoor airflow and the associated aerosol transport in a passenger car. The Eulerian-Eulerian flow model coupled with k-ε turbulence approach was used to track respiratory contaminants with diameter ≥ 1 μm that were released by different passengers within the passenger car. The results showed that around 6.38 min, this is all that you need to get infected with COVID-19 when sharing a poorly ventilated car with a driver who got coronavirus. It also has been found that enhancing the ventilation system of the passenger car will reduce the risk of contracting Coronavirus. The predicted results could be useful for future engineering studies aimed at designing public transport and passenger cars to face the spread of droplets that may be contaminated with pathogens.
鉴于 COVID-19 大流行,评估乘用车内呼吸道疾病传播变得极为必要。本研究通过数值模拟研究了人类呼吸活动(如呼吸和说话)对乘用车内呼吸诱发污染物传输特性的影响。本研究的主要目的是准确预测在与 COVID-19 或类似病毒患者共享乘用车时何时以及谁会感染冠状病毒。为了实现这一目标,在乘用车内进行了瞬态模拟。我们基于计算流体动力学(CFD)进行了一项研究,以调查乘客车内的室内气流和相关气溶胶传输。采用欧拉-欧拉流模型结合 k-ε 湍流方法来追踪呼吸性污染物,这些污染物的直径≥1μm,是由车内不同乘客释放的。结果表明,当与感染冠状病毒的司机在通风不良的车内共享时,大约 6.38 分钟就足以感染 COVID-19。还发现,增强乘用车的通风系统将降低感染冠状病毒的风险。预测结果可用于未来旨在设计公共交通和乘用车以应对可能受到病原体污染的飞沫传播的工程研究。
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