Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.
Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Aug;29(38):57523-57542. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19571-7. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
Copper ion (Cu) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticle (NP) ecotoxicity are of increasing concern as they are considered to be a potential risk to marine systems. This study represents the first attempt to evaluate CuO NP impacts on the seaweeds and Cu on the chlorophyte Ulva rigida. Effects on oxidative stress, antioxidant defence markers, photosystem II function, thalli growth, and cell viability in U. rigida exposed for 4 up 72 h to1 and 5 mg L Cu and CuO NPs were examined. Hydrogen peroxide (HO) generation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and growth inhibition seemed to be reliable and early warning markers of toxicity. The most important variables of the principal component analysis (PCA): HO generation, antioxidant stress markers, and growth-based toxicity index, were higher at 1 mg L CuO NPs compared to CuSO and at 5 mg L CuSO compared to CuO NPs. Intracellular uptake kinetics fit well to the Michaelis-Menten equation. The higher toxicity at 5 mg L CuSO compared to 1 mg L was due to the higher Cu uptake with increasing concentration, suggesting and higher accumulation ability. On the contrary, 1 mg L CuO NPs induced more strongly toxicity effects than 5 mg L. The relatively stronger effect of CuO NPs at 1 mg L than the respective CuSO concentration could be attributed to the higher rate of initial uptake (V) and the mean rate of Cu uptake [C/(2 × K)] at CuO NP treatment. The intracellular seaweed experimental threshold of Cu, which coincided with the onset of oxidative stress, was within the Cu concentration range recorded in Mediterranean Ulva spp., indicating that it may pose a substantial risk to marine environments.
铜离子（Cu）和氧化铜（CuO）纳米颗粒（NP）的生态毒性引起了越来越多的关注，因为它们被认为是对海洋系统的潜在风险。本研究首次尝试评估 CuO NP 对海藻和绿藻浒苔的影响，以及 Cu 对浒苔的影响。研究了暴露于 1 和 5 mg L Cu 和 CuO NPs 4 至 72 小时后，浒苔的氧化应激、抗氧化防御标志物、光系统 II 功能、藻体生长和细胞活力的影响。过氧化氢（HO）生成、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量和生长抑制似乎是毒性的可靠和早期预警标志物。主成分分析（PCA）的最重要变量：HO 生成、抗氧化应激标志物和基于生长的毒性指数，在 1 mg L CuO NPs 中高于 CuSO，在 5 mg L CuSO 中高于 CuO NPs。细胞内摄取动力学很好地符合米氏方程。5 mg L CuSO 比 1 mg L 具有更高的毒性，这是由于随着浓度的增加，Cu 摄取增加，表明积累能力更高。相反，1 mg L CuO NPs 比 5 mg L 诱导更强的毒性效应。在 1 mg L 时，CuO NPs 的相对更强的效应比相应的 CuSO 浓度可以归因于初始摄取速率（V）和 Cu 摄取速率 [C/（2×K）]更高。Cu 的海藻细胞内实验阈值与氧化应激的发生相吻合，该浓度范围与地中海浒苔属中记录的 Cu 浓度范围一致，表明其可能对海洋环境构成重大风险。
