IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2022 Jun;41(6):1555-1567. doi: 10.1002/etc.5337. Epub 2022 May 21.
Microplastic ingestion has been shown for various organisms, but knowledge of the potential adverse effects on freshwater invertebrates remains limited. We assessed the ingestion capacity and the associated effects of polyester fibers (26-5761 µm) and car tire particles (25-75 µm) on freshwater invertebrates under acute and chronic exposure conditions. A range of microplastic concentrations was tested on Daphnia magna, Hyalella azteca, Asellus aquaticus, and Lumbriculus variegatus using water only (up to 0.15 g/L) or spiked sediment (up to 2 g/kg dry wt), depending on the habitat of the species. Daphnia magna did not ingest any fibers, but low levels of fibers were ingested by all tested benthic invertebrate species. Car tire particle ingestion rose with increasing exposure concentration for all tested invertebrates and was highest in D. magna and L. variegatus. In most cases, no statistically significant effects on mobility, survival, or reproductive output were observed after acute and chronic exposure at the tested concentrations. However, fibers affected the reproduction and survival of D. magna (no-observed-effect concentration [NOEC]: 0.15 mg/L) due to entanglement and limited mobility under chronic conditions. Car tire particles affected the reproduction (NOEC: 1.5 mg/L) and survival (NOEC: 0.15 mg/L) of D. magna after chronic exposure at concentrations in the same order of magnitude as modeled river water concentrations, suggesting that refined exposure and effect studies should be performed with these microplastics. Our results confirm that microplastic ingestion by freshwater invertebrates depends on particle shape and size and that ingestion quantity depends on the exposure pathway and the feeding strategy of the test organism. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1555-1567. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
微塑料的摄入已在各种生物体中得到证实，但有关其对淡水无脊椎动物潜在不利影响的知识仍然有限。我们评估了聚酯纤维（26-5761 μm）和汽车轮胎颗粒（25-75 μm）在急性和慢性暴露条件下对淡水无脊椎动物的摄入能力和相关影响。根据物种的栖息地，使用仅水（高达 0.15 g/L）或添加沉积物（高达 2 g/kg 干重），在一系列微塑料浓度下对大型溞、美洲螯虾、食蚊鱼和赤子爱胜蚓进行了测试。大型溞没有摄入任何纤维，但所有测试的底栖无脊椎动物物种都摄入了低水平的纤维。随着暴露浓度的增加，所有测试的无脊椎动物都摄入了汽车轮胎颗粒，在大型溞和赤子爱胜蚓中含量最高。在测试浓度下进行急性和慢性暴露后，在大多数情况下，移动性、生存或生殖输出没有观察到统计学上的显著影响。然而，由于在慢性条件下纠缠和有限的移动性，纤维会影响大型溞的繁殖和生存（无观察到效应浓度 [NOEC]：0.15 mg/L）。汽车轮胎颗粒在慢性暴露于与模型河水浓度相同数量级的浓度后，影响了大型溞的繁殖（NOEC：1.5 mg/L）和生存（NOEC：0.15 mg/L），这表明应针对这些微塑料进行精细化的暴露和效应研究。我们的结果证实，淡水无脊椎动物对微塑料的摄入取决于颗粒形状和大小，而摄入数量取决于暴露途径和测试生物的摄食策略。环境毒理化学 2022；41：1555-1567。©2022 作者。环境毒理化学由 Wiley 期刊公司代表 SETAC 出版。
