Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London, Institute of Education, London, United Kingdom.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2022 Aug 1;43(6):e407-e413. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000001073. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
Differences in decision-making under conditions of risk have been observed cross-sectionally in clinical groups of people with eating disorders but have never been studied longitudinally or in large cohorts. We investigated whether responses on the Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT), measured in the Millennium Cohort Study in childhood, would predict prodromal eating pathology in adolescence.
Regression models were built to explore relationships between CGT variables at age 11 years and prodromal eating pathology (body dissatisfaction, intention to lose weight, dietary restriction, significant under/overweight, and excessive exercise) at 14 years.
In 11,303 boys and girls, those with better quality decision-making were 34% less likely to show an intention to lose weight (b = -0.40, odds ratio [OR] = 0.66, p < 0.05) and 34% less likely to be overweight (b = -0.41, relative risk ratio [RRR] = 0.66, p < 0.05). Those with higher risk-taking were 58% more likely to report dietary restriction (b = 0.45, OR = 1.58, p < 0.05) and 46% more likely to report excessive exercise (b = 0.38, OR = 1.46, p < 0.05). In the complete-cases sample, higher risk-adjustment scores were associated with a 47% increased risk of underweight (b = 0.39, RRR = 1.47, p < 0.05), and better quality of decision-making was associated with a 46% lower risk of overweight (b = -0.60, RRR = 0.54, p < 0.05).
Disadvantageous decision-making in childhood may predict prodromal eating pathology in adolescence and might represent a prevention target.
在患有饮食失调症的临床人群中，已经观察到风险条件下决策的差异具有横断面特征，但从未进行过纵向或大规模队列研究。我们调查了儿童时期千禧年队列研究中测量的剑桥赌博任务（CGT）的反应是否会预测青春期前的饮食病理学。
构建回归模型，以探索 11 岁时 CGT 变量与 14 岁时前驱性饮食病理学（身体不满、减肥意向、饮食限制、显著超重/过轻和过度运动）之间的关系。
在 11303 名男孩和女孩中，那些决策质量更好的人减肥意向降低 34%（b=-0.40，优势比[OR]=0.66，p<0.05），超重的可能性降低 34%（b=-0.41，相对风险比[RRR]=0.66，p<0.05）。那些风险偏好更高的人报告饮食限制的可能性增加 58%（b=0.45，OR=1.58，p<0.05），报告过度运动的可能性增加 46%（b=0.38，OR=1.46，p<0.05）。在完整病例样本中，较高的风险调整评分与消瘦的风险增加 47%相关（b=0.39，RRR=1.47，p<0.05），而决策质量较好与超重的风险降低 46%相关（b=-0.60，RRR=0.54，p<0.05）。
儿童时期不利的决策可能预测青春期前的饮食病理学，可能代表一个预防目标。
