Boluarte-Carbajal Alicia, Paredes-Angeles Rubí, Tafur-Mendoza Arnold Alejandro
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Peru.
Grupo de Estudios Avances en Medición Psicológica, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru.
Front Psychol. 2022 Mar 9;13:792805. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.792805. eCollection 2022.
Intellectual disability leads to a loss of autonomy and a high level of dependence, requiring support from another person permanently. Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate the assessment of caregiver burden in healthcare actions, to avoid putting the health of caregivers and patients at risk. In this sense, the study aimed to analyze the internal structure of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) in a sample of caregivers of people with intellectual disabilities, to provide convergent and discriminant evidence with a measure of the risk of maltreatment, and to estimate the reliability of the scores from the Classical Test Theory and the Rasch Measurement Theory. The study was instrumental. The sample consisted of 287 Peruvian informal primary caregivers of persons diagnosed with intellectual disabilities. To collect validity evidence, the internal structure (confirmatory factor analysis, CFA) and the relationship with other variables (convergent and discriminant evidence) were used, while reliability was estimated through the omega coefficient and Rasch analysis. The internal structure of the ZBI corroborated a unidimensional structure. In terms of convergent and discriminant evidence, the scale presents adequate evidence. Reliability levels were also good. Previously, the psychometric properties of the ZBI have not been studied in caregivers of people with intellectual disabilities, and it represents the first study of the scale in Peru. The results obtained will allow the use of this scale to design actions in the work with caregivers and studies to understand the psychology of the caregiver.
智力残疾会导致自主性丧失和高度依赖，需要他人长期的支持。因此，有必要在医疗保健行动中纳入对照顾者负担的评估，以避免危及照顾者和患者的健康。从这个意义上说，该研究旨在分析智力残疾者照顾者样本中 Zarit 负担访谈（ZBI）的内部结构，为虐待风险评估提供收敛性和区分性证据，并从经典测试理论和拉施测量理论估计得分的可靠性。该研究具有工具性。样本包括287名秘鲁智力残疾者的非正式主要照顾者。为收集效度证据，使用了内部结构（验证性因素分析，CFA）以及与其他变量的关系（收敛性和区分性证据），同时通过欧米伽系数和拉施分析估计信度。ZBI 的内部结构证实了其单维结构。在收敛性和区分性证据方面，该量表呈现出充分的证据。信度水平也良好。此前，ZBI 的心理测量特性尚未在智力残疾者照顾者中进行研究，这是该量表在秘鲁的首次研究。所获得的结果将允许使用该量表来设计针对照顾者的工作行动以及开展研究，以了解照顾者的心理。
