Laboratory for Wine Microbiology, Department International Business, Heilbronn University, Max-Planck-Str. 39, 74081, Heilbronn, Germany.
National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2022 May;115(5):661-695. doi: 10.1007/s10482-022-01720-0. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
The fission yeast genus Schizosaccharomyces contains important model organisms for biological research. In particular, S. pombe is a widely used model eukaryote. So far little is known about the natural and artificial habitats of species in this genus. Finding out where S. pombe and other fission yeast species occur and how they live in their habitats can promote better understanding of their biology. Here we investigate in which substrates S. pombe, S. octosporus, S. osmophilus and S. japonicus are present. To this end about 2100 samples consisting of soil, tree sap fluxes, fresh fruit, dried fruit, honey, cacao beans, molasses and other substrates were analyzed. Effective isolation methods that allow efficient isolation of the above mentioned species were developed. Based on the frequency of isolating different fission yeast species in various substrates and on extensive literature survey, conclusions are drawn on their ecology. The results suggest that the primary habitat of S. pombe and S. octosporus is honeybee honey. Both species were also frequently detected on certain dried fruit like raisins, mango or pineapple to which they could be brought by the honey bees during ripening or during drying. While S. pombe was regularly isolated from grape mash and from fermented raw cacao beans S. octosporus was never isolated from fresh fruit. The main habitat of S. osmophilus seems to be solitary bee beebread. It was rarely isolated from raisins. S. japonicus was mainly found in forest substrates although it occurs on fruit and in fruit fermentations, too.
裂殖酵母属 Schizosaccharomyces 包含了重要的生物学研究模式生物。特别是，裂殖酵母 S. pombe 是一种被广泛应用的真核模式生物。到目前为止，人们对该属物种的自然栖息地和人工栖息地知之甚少。了解 S. pombe 和其他裂殖酵母物种的分布地点以及它们在栖息地中的生活方式，可以促进对它们生物学特性的更好理解。在这里，我们研究了裂殖酵母 S. pombe、S. octosporus、S. osmophilus 和 S. japonicus 存在于哪些基质中。为此，我们分析了大约 2100 个样本，包括土壤、树液流、新鲜水果、干果、蜂蜜、可可豆、糖蜜和其他基质。开发了有效的分离方法，这些方法可以有效地分离上述物种。基于在不同基质中分离不同裂殖酵母物种的频率以及广泛的文献调查，我们得出了它们的生态学结论。结果表明，裂殖酵母 S. pombe 和 S. octosporus 的主要栖息地是蜜蜂蜂蜜。这两个物种也经常在某些干果上被检测到，如葡萄干、芒果或菠萝，它们可能是在成熟或干燥过程中被蜜蜂带到这些干果上的。裂殖酵母 S. pombe 经常从葡萄渣和发酵的生可可豆中分离出来，而裂殖酵母 S. octosporus 从未从新鲜水果中分离出来。裂殖酵母 S. osmophilus 的主要栖息地似乎是独居蜜蜂的蜂粮。它很少从葡萄干中分离出来。裂殖酵母 S. japonicus 主要存在于森林基质中，尽管它也存在于水果和水果发酵中。
