Studying Mechanical Oscillations During Whole-Body Regeneration in Hydra.

Cells of the freshwater cnidarian Hydra possess an exceptional regeneration ability. In small groups of these cells, organizer centers emerge spontaneously and instruct the patterning of the surrounding population into a new animal. This property makes them an excellent model system to study the general rules of self-organization. A small tissue fragment or a clump of randomly aggregated cells can form a hollow spheroid that is able to establish a body axis de novo. Interestingly, mechanical oscillations (inflation/deflation cycles of the spheroid) driven by osmosis accompany the successful establishment of axial polarity. Here we describe different approaches for generating Hydra tissue spheroids, along with imaging and image analysis techniques to investigate their mechanical behavior.