Xu Chaoqun, Fu Xianpeng, Li Chengyu, Liu Guoxu, Gao Yuyu, Qi Youchao, Bu Tianzhao, Chen Yuanfen, Wang Zhong Lin, Zhang Chi
Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science & Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China.
CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400 China.
Microsyst Nanoeng. 2022 Mar 14;8:30. doi: 10.1038/s41378-022-00362-6. eCollection 2022.
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can directly harvest energy via solid-liquid interface contact electrification, making them very suitable for harvesting raindrop energy and as active rainfall sensors. This technology is promising for realizing a fully self-powered system for autonomous rainfall monitoring combined with energy harvesting/sensing. Here, we report a raindrop energy-powered autonomous rainfall monitoring and wireless transmission system (R-RMS), in which a raindrop-TENG (R-TENG) array simultaneously serves as a raindrop energy harvester and rainfall sensor. At a rainfall intensity of 71 mm/min, the R-TENG array can generate an average short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and maximum output power of 15 μA, 1800 V, and 325 μW, respectively. The collected energy can be adjusted to act as a stable 2.5 V direct-current source for the whole system by a power management circuit. Meanwhile, the R-TENG array acts as a rainfall sensor, in which the output signal can be monitored and the measured data are wirelessly transmitted. Under a rainfall intensity of 71 mm/min, the R-RMS can be continuously powered and autonomously transmit rainfall data once every 4 min. This work has paved the way for raindrop energy-powered wireless hyetometers, which have exhibited broad prospects in unattended weather monitoring, field surveys, and the Internet of Things.
摩擦纳米发电机（TENGs）可以通过固液界面接触起电直接收集能量，这使其非常适合收集雨滴能量并用作有源降雨传感器。这项技术对于实现一个结合能量收集/传感功能的用于自主降雨监测的完全自供电系统很有前景。在此，我们报告一种雨滴能量供电的自主降雨监测与无线传输系统（R-RMS），其中雨滴摩擦纳米发电机（R-TENG）阵列同时用作雨滴能量收集器和降雨传感器。在降雨强度为71毫米/分钟时，R-TENG阵列可分别产生平均短路电流、开路电压和最大输出功率为15微安、1800伏和325微瓦。通过功率管理电路，收集到的能量可被调节为整个系统提供稳定的2.5伏直流电源。同时，R-TENG阵列用作降雨传感器，其输出信号可被监测且测量数据被无线传输。在降雨强度为71毫米/分钟时，R-RMS可连续供电并每4分钟自主传输一次降雨数据。这项工作为雨滴能量供电的无线雨量计铺平了道路，其在无人值守天气监测、野外调查和物联网方面展现出广阔前景。
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