Hughson A V, Cooper A F, McArdle C S, Smith D C
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986 Nov 15;293(6557):1268-71. doi: 10.1136/bmj.293.6557.1268.
Psychological symptoms were assessed over two years in a randomised trial of three forms of treatment given to women after mastectomy for stage II breast cancer. The treatments were: three weeks' radiotherapy; one year's adjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil; and radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy. Analysis of the results on an intention to treat basis showed no substantial differences in depression or anxiety among groups at one, three, or six months after the operation. At 13 months, however, patients who had been allocated chemotherapy had significantly more symptoms, especially depression, than control patients treated with radiotherapy alone. Conditioned reflex nausea and vomiting increased considerably during the second six months of chemotherapy and persisted for up to a year afterwards. The psychological morbidity of adjuvant chemotherapy could be substantially reduced if courses of treatment were restricted to about six months.
在一项针对II期乳腺癌乳房切除术后女性的三种治疗方式的随机试验中，对心理症状进行了为期两年的评估。治疗方式分别为：三周放疗；使用环磷酰胺、甲氨蝶呤和5-氟尿嘧啶进行一年的辅助化疗；放疗后进行化疗。基于意向性分析结果显示，术后1个月、3个月或6个月时，各治疗组在抑郁或焦虑方面无显著差异。然而，在13个月时，被分配接受化疗的患者比仅接受放疗的对照患者出现了更多症状，尤其是抑郁症状。在化疗的后六个月中，条件反射性恶心和呕吐显著增加，并持续长达一年。如果将治疗疗程限制在约六个月左右，辅助化疗的心理发病率可大幅降低。
