Howard Chloe, Overall Nickola C, Sibley Chris G
School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Front Psychol. 2022 Mar 11;13:829643. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.829643. eCollection 2022.
The current study examines changes in the economic, social, and well-being life events that women and men reported during the first 7 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyses compared monthly averages in cross-sectional national probability data from two annual waves of the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study collected between October 2018-September 2019 ( = 17,924), and October 2019-September 2020 ( = 41,653), which included the first 7 months of the pandemic (Mar-Sep 2020). Results indicated that people (particularly women) reported increased job loss in the months following an initial COVID-19 lockdown relative to the same months the year earlier. Women also experienced an increase in family troubles when restrictions eased and reported increased negative lifestyle changes that persisted throughout the first 7 months of the pandemic. The proportion of people experiencing many other life events (e.g., mental health, financial concerns) in New Zealand did not differ reliably from the pre-pandemic monthly baseline. These results highlight resilience to many potential negative life events within the first 7 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the pandemic did not affect everyone equally, and the burden of increased negative events appears more heavily borne by women. As the pandemic continues more than 18 months from initial community transmission of COVID-19, our findings provide important insight into the impact of the pandemic on potential negative life events, especially among women, that may have critical consequences for mental health, gender equality, and social well-being over time.
本研究考察了在新冠疫情大流行的前7个月中，男性和女性报告的经济、社会及生活幸福方面的变化。分析比较了来自新西兰态度与价值观研究两次年度调查的全国横断面概率数据的月度平均值，这两次调查分别在2018年10月至2019年9月（n = 17,924）以及2019年10月至2020年9月（n = 41,653）进行，其中包括疫情大流行的前7个月（2020年3月至9月）。结果表明，与前一年的同一月份相比，人们（尤其是女性）报告在首次新冠疫情封锁后的几个月里失业人数有所增加。在限制措施放宽时，女性的家庭问题也有所增加，并且报告称在疫情大流行的前7个月里负面生活方式的改变持续增加。在新西兰，经历许多其他生活事件（如心理健康、经济担忧）的人群比例与疫情前的月度基线相比没有显著差异。这些结果凸显了在新冠疫情大流行的前7个月里，人们对许多潜在负面生活事件的适应能力。然而，疫情对每个人的影响并不相同，负面事件增加带来的负担似乎更多地由女性承担。自新冠疫情首次在社区传播已过去18个多月，我们的研究结果为疫情对潜在负面生活事件的影响提供了重要见解，尤其是对女性的影响，随着时间的推移，这可能对心理健康、性别平等和社会幸福产生关键影响。
