Sánchez-Teruel David, Robles-Bello María Auxiliadora, Sarhani-Robles Aziz
Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Granada, Spain; Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Spanish Society of Suicidology, Spain; and Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Spanish Society of Clinical and Health Psychology, Spain.
Department of Psychology, University of Jaen, Spain.
BJPsych Open. 2022 Apr 1;8(3):e77. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2022.42.
Predicting suicidal vulnerability based on previous risk factors remains a challenge for mental health professionals, especially in specific subpopulations.
This study aimed to use structural equation modelling to assess which sociodemographic and clinical variables are most predictive and modulating of repeated self-injury or reattempts at suicide in older adults and the elderly with previous attempts.
We obtained digital data for 619 people (N = 342; 55.3% women), aged 50-96 years (mean 71.2 years, s.d. 3.65), who presented to the emergency department with a repeated self-injury or suicide attempt. Data were collected from several public and private hospitals in southern Spain.
There were different sociodemographic and clinical profiles between people who repeat self-injury and those who reattempt suicide. In addition, we show that outcome variables may directly or indirectly modulate these behaviours.
The study findings provide only a limited insight into suicidal vulnerability in older people, and there is an urgent need for specific care protocols for the prevention of repeated self-injury or reattempts at suicide that are adapted to the psychosocial characteristics of this age group. There is also a need to improve social and health alert actions for older adults and the elderly who present with suicide risk profiles, and the presence of mental health professionals in hospital emergency departments should be improved.
基于既往风险因素预测自杀易感性对心理健康专业人员而言仍是一项挑战，尤其是在特定亚人群中。
本研究旨在使用结构方程模型来评估哪些社会人口学和临床变量对有过自杀未遂史的老年人及年长者反复自我伤害或再次自杀未遂最具预测性和调节作用。
我们获取了619名年龄在50 - 96岁（平均71.2岁，标准差3.65）的患者（N = 342；55.3%为女性）的数字数据，这些患者因反复自我伤害或自杀未遂就诊于急诊科。数据收集自西班牙南部的几家公立和私立医院。
反复自我伤害者和再次自杀未遂者之间存在不同的社会人口学和临床特征。此外，我们表明结果变量可能直接或间接调节这些行为。
研究结果对老年人自杀易感性的洞察有限，迫切需要制定专门的护理方案，以预防反复自我伤害或再次自杀未遂，这些方案应适应该年龄组的心理社会特征。还需要加强针对有自杀风险特征的老年人及年长者的社会和健康警报行动，并且应增加医院急诊科心理健康专业人员的配备。
