Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
LGBT Health. 2022 May-Jun;9(4):247-253. doi: 10.1089/lgbt.2021.0392. Epub 2022 Apr 1.
Since May 2021, numerous state legislatures in the United States have introduced bills to restrict the participation of transgender and gender diverse (trans) youth in gender-segregated sports in a manner consistent with their gender identity. The purpose of this study was to understand how medical providers of pediatric gender-affirming care for trans youth view these legislative efforts and how they believe these bills will affect their practice and patients. In March 2021, we recruited participants using listservs known to be frequented by providers of gender-affirming medical care to complete a survey about bills that restrict trans youths' participation in sex-segregated sports. Eligible participants were over the age of 18, currently worked as a physician, nurse practitioner, or physician's assistant, and provided gender-affirming care to trans youth under the age of 18 in the United States. We analyzed the responses of 103 providers from all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Most participants identified as White (77%), cisgender women (70%), and specialized in pediatric care (52%). The most salient theme, described by nearly all participants, was that legislation banning trans youth from sports participation would lead to worsening discrimination and stigmatization. Other themes included worsening mental and physical health of trans youth, forced changes to clinical practice, politicization of trans youth, and efforts required to stop these bills. Providers of gender-affirming care in this study overwhelmingly opposed legislation that bans trans youth from sports participation citing the severe consequences to the well-being of trans youth. More research is needed to examine stakeholder's opinions regarding legislation that does not ban but otherwise restricts sports participation by trans youth.
自 2021 年 5 月以来，美国众多州的立法机构已经提出法案，以符合其性别认同的方式限制跨性别和性别多样化（跨性别）青年参与性别隔离的体育运动。本研究的目的是了解儿科性别肯定护理的医疗提供者如何看待这些立法努力，以及他们认为这些法案将如何影响他们的实践和患者。2021 年 3 月，我们使用经常被性别肯定医疗护理提供者光顾的清单服务招募参与者，以完成一项关于限制跨性别青年参与性别隔离运动的法案的调查。合格的参与者年龄在 18 岁以上，目前是医生、护士从业者或医生助理，并在美国为 18 岁以下的跨性别青年提供性别肯定护理。我们分析了来自全美 50 个州和哥伦比亚特区的 103 名提供者的回复。大多数参与者认为自己是白人（77%）、顺性别女性（70%），并专门从事儿科护理（52%）。几乎所有参与者描述的最突出的主题是，禁止跨性别青年参与体育运动的立法将导致更严重的歧视和污名化。其他主题包括跨性别青年的心理健康和身体健康恶化、临床实践被迫改变、跨性别青年的政治化以及为阻止这些法案而付出的努力。这项研究中的性别肯定护理提供者强烈反对禁止跨性别青年参与体育运动的立法，理由是这将对跨性别青年的福祉产生严重后果。需要进行更多研究，以审查利益相关者对不禁止但以其他方式限制跨性别青年参与体育运动的立法的意见。
