Chen Qiang, Hu Junjie, Hu Xiaojun, Koh Kwangnak, Chen Hongxia
School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China; School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2022 Jul 15;208:114179. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114179. Epub 2022 Mar 18.
Various tumor cells overexpress programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), a main immune checkpoint protein (ICP) embedded in the tumor cells membrane, to evade immune recognition through the interaction between PD-L1 and its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1) which is from T-cells for maintaining immune tolerance. So inhibitors targeting the PD-1 or PD-L1 can block the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway to restore the recognition activity of the immune system to tumor cells, which also have been utilized as a novel approach to improve the clinical therapeutic effect for cancer patients. Since not all cancer patients can respond to these inhibitors effectively, previous diagnosis of PD-L1 is significant to target the right treatments for cancer patients. This review pays attention to the PD-L1 detection and recent progress in the measurement of PD-L1 concentration, including various detection methods based on optical sensors as well as electrochemical assays. Apart from above those, we also focus on the prospects of PD-L1 detection in precision medicine.
多种肿瘤细胞过度表达程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1），这是一种嵌入肿瘤细胞膜的主要免疫检查点蛋白（ICP），通过PD-L1与其受体程序性死亡1（PD-1，来自T细胞）之间的相互作用来逃避免疫识别，从而维持免疫耐受。因此，靶向PD-1或PD-L1的抑制剂可阻断PD-1/PD-L1信号通路，以恢复免疫系统对肿瘤细胞的识别活性，这也已被用作提高癌症患者临床治疗效果的新方法。由于并非所有癌症患者都能有效响应这些抑制剂，因此之前对PD-L1的诊断对于为癌症患者选择正确的治疗方法具有重要意义。本综述关注PD-L1检测以及PD-L1浓度测量的最新进展，包括基于光学传感器的各种检测方法以及电化学分析方法。除此之外，我们还关注PD-L1检测在精准医学中的前景。
