Department of Oncology, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2022 Mar 25;17:1397-1408. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S359156. eCollection 2022.
INTRODUCTION: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a new technique for theranostics is to kill tumor cells by activating photosensitizer and interacting with oxygen (O) to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) may constrain the efficacy of PDT. Moreover, the lack of O in TME also up-regulates the expression of HIF-1α and promotes tumor metastasis, which is also a leading cause of death for terminal cancer patients. METHODS: Prussian blue (PBs) was firstly synthesized by hydrothermal method, which was then etched by hydrochloric acid to obtained hollow Prussian blue nanoparticles (HPBs). Afterwards, Au-Pt nanozymes were in situ growing on the HPBs by reduction method to prepare Au-Pt@HPBs (APHPBs). Owing to the hollow structure of APHPBs, photosensitizer Ce6 can be easily and efficiently loaded into it to obtain Ce6-Au-Pt@HPBs (Ce6-APHPBs). After ce6-APHPBS regulation, photoacoustic imaging and hypoxic fluorescence imaging were then used to evaluate changes in hypoxic TME in vivo. Finally, under the assistant of Ce6-APHPBs, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of enhanced PDT on primary and metastatic tumors. RESULTS: We first designed and synthesized Ce6 loaded hollow prussian blue nanoparticles with Au-Pt nanozymes grown in situ on it. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments show that the prepared Ce6-APHPBs have good biosafety and could effectively degrade the overexpressed HO in TME to generate O, further relieve the hypoxic TME and thus enhance the effect of PDT. At the same time, the increasing O content could also reduce the expression of HIF-1α at the tumor site, which could reduce lung metastasis. CONCLUSION: Ce6-APHPBs designed by us could not only efficiently enhance PDT but also regulate TME to reduce tumor metastasis and prolong survival of mice, which provide a novel idea and strategy for clinical PDT and metastatic tumor.
简介:光动力疗法(PDT)作为一种新的治疗方法,通过激活光敏剂并与氧气(O)相互作用来产生活性氧(ROS)来杀死肿瘤细胞。然而,缺氧的肿瘤微环境(TME)可能会限制 PDT 的疗效。此外,TME 中缺乏 O 也会上调 HIF-1α 的表达并促进肿瘤转移,这也是晚期癌症患者死亡的主要原因。
方法:首先通过水热法合成普鲁士蓝(PBs),然后用盐酸刻蚀得到空心普鲁士蓝纳米粒子(HPBs)。之后,通过还原法原位生长 Au-Pt 纳米酶于 HPBs 上,制备 Au-Pt@HPBs(APHPBs)。由于 APHPBs 的空心结构,光敏剂 Ce6 可以很容易且高效地装载到其中,得到 Ce6-Au-Pt@HPBs(Ce6-APHPBs)。经 Ce6-APHPBS 调控后,用光声成像和缺氧荧光成像评估体内缺氧 TME 的变化。最后,在 Ce6-APHPBs 的辅助下,我们评估了增强 PDT 对原发性和转移性肿瘤的抑制作用。
结果:我们首先设计并合成了负载 Ce6 的空心普鲁士蓝纳米粒子,其表面原位生长 Au-Pt 纳米酶。体外和体内实验均表明,所制备的 Ce6-APHPBs 具有良好的生物安全性,并能有效降解 TME 中过表达的 HO 产生 O,进一步缓解缺氧 TME,从而增强 PDT 的效果。同时,增加 O 含量还可以降低肿瘤部位 HIF-1α 的表达,从而减少肺转移。
结论:我们设计的 Ce6-APHPBs 不仅能有效增强 PDT,还能调节 TME 以减少肿瘤转移并延长小鼠的存活时间,为临床 PDT 和转移性肿瘤提供了新的思路和策略。
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