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南非生物技术时代的木薯前景。

The future of cassava in the era of biotechnology in Southern Africa.

机构信息

School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Protein Structure-Function and Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.

出版信息

Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2023 Jun;43(4):594-612. doi: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2048791. Epub 2022 Apr 3.

Abstract

Cassava () is a major staple food and the world's fourth source of calories. Biotechnological contributions to enhancing this crop, its advances, and present issues must be assessed regularly. Functional genomics, genomic-assisted breeding, molecular tools, and genome editing technologies, among other biotechnological approaches, have helped improve the potential of economically important crops like cassava by addressing some of its significant constraints, such as nutrient deficiency, toxicity, poor starch quality, disease susceptibility, low yield capacity, and postharvest deterioration. However, the development, improvement, and subsequent acceptance of the improved cultivars have been challenging and have required holistic approaches to solving them. This article provides an update of trends and gaps in cassava biotechnology, reviewing the relevant strategies used to improve cassava crops and highlighting the potential risk and acceptability of improved cultivars in Southern Africa.

摘要

木薯是一种主要的主食,也是世界第四大卡路里来源。必须定期评估生物技术对提高这种作物及其进展和现有问题的贡献。功能基因组学、基因组辅助育种、分子工具和基因组编辑技术等生物技术方法,通过解决一些重大限制因素,如营养缺乏、毒性、淀粉质量差、易患病、低产量和采后恶化等问题,帮助提高了木薯等经济重要作物的潜力。然而,改良品种的开发、改进和随后的接受一直具有挑战性,需要采用整体方法来解决这些问题。本文介绍了木薯生物技术的最新趋势和差距,回顾了用于改良木薯作物的相关策略,并强调了在南部非洲改良品种的潜在风险和可接受性。

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