Doskas Triantafyllos, Dardiotis Efthimios, Vavougios George D, Ntoskas Konstantinos T, Sionidou Pinelopi, Vadikolias Konstantinos
Department of Neurology, Athens Naval Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Int J Neurosci. 2023 Dec;133(10):1132-1152. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2056459. Epub 2022 Apr 3.
Observational studies suggest that the occurrence of stroke on multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is higher compared to the general population. MS is a heterogeneous disease that involves an interplay of genetic, environmental and immune factors. The occurrence of stroke is subject to a wide range of both modifiable and non-modifiable, short- and long-term risk factors. Both MS and stroke share common risk factors. The immune mechanisms that underlie stroke are similar to neurodegenerative diseases and are attributed to neuroinflammation. The inflammation in autoimmune diseases may, therefore, predispose to an increased risk for stroke or potentiate the effect of conventional stroke risk factors. There are, however, additional determinants that contribute to a higher risk and incidence of stroke in MS. Due to the challenges that are associated with their differential diagnosis, the objective is to present an overview of the factors that may contribute to increased susceptibility or occurrence of stroke in MSpatients by performing a review of the available to date literature. As both MS and stroke can individually detrimentally affect the quality of life of afflicted patients, the identification of factors that contribute to an increased risk for stroke in MS is crucial for the prompt implementation of preventative therapeutic measures to limit the additive burden that stroke imposes.
观察性研究表明，与普通人群相比，多发性硬化症（MS）患者中风的发生率更高。MS是一种异质性疾病，涉及遗传、环境和免疫因素的相互作用。中风的发生受到多种可改变和不可改变的短期和长期风险因素的影响。MS和中风有共同的风险因素。中风背后的免疫机制与神经退行性疾病相似，归因于神经炎症。因此，自身免疫性疾病中的炎症可能使中风风险增加，或增强传统中风风险因素的作用。然而，还有其他因素导致MS患者中风风险和发病率更高。由于其鉴别诊断存在挑战，目标是通过回顾迄今为止的现有文献，概述可能导致MS患者中风易感性增加或中风发生的因素。由于MS和中风都可能分别对患病患者的生活质量产生不利影响，识别导致MS患者中风风险增加的因素对于及时实施预防性治疗措施以限制中风带来的附加负担至关重要。
