Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Department of Radiology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2022 Jan 24;41:66. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.66.28874. eCollection 2022.
Congenital anomalies (CA) are structural or functional disorders present at birth. Routine prenatal ultrasound screening has become an indispensable tool for early detection of CA in developed countries which will facilitate appropriate preemptive actions for safe guarding the health of both mother and the unborn fetus. The prevalence of CA in the general population has been researched widely but very few studies exist on the prevalence of CA among high risk pregnancies. Aims and objective: the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of congenital anomalies among high risk pregnant women in Ibadan, South West, Nigeria.
this multicenter cross sectional study was conducted in three different hospitals in Ibadan, South West, Nigeria between August 2018 and July 2019. High risk pregnant women that met the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Participants underwent detailed fetal anomaly scans at gestational ages between 18-26 weeks during the study period using a Voluson P6 ultrasound machine (GE Healthcare Korea). Written informed consents were obtained from the participants. All the fetuses with ultrasound diagnosed congenital anomalies were followed up till either termination of pregnancy or delivery. Ethical approval was obtained for the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS.
a total of 418 high risk pregnant women underwent detailed fetal anomaly scan and CAs were detected in 13(3.1%) of them. Spontaneous abortion was the most common maternal risk factor reported although the association between it and congenital anomaly was not significant. The highest number of anomalies were detected in the genitourinary system while the least was in the central nervous system.
the prevalence of high risk pregnant women is high in our environment but the incidence of CA among them is similar to that reported in the general population. Thus, prenatal ultrasonographic screening for congenital anomalies is necessary for all pregnant women irrespective of their risk status.
先天性异常（CA）是指出生时存在的结构或功能障碍。在发达国家，常规产前超声筛查已成为早期发现 CA 的不可或缺的工具，这将有助于为母亲和未出生胎儿的健康提供适当的预防措施。先天性异常在普通人群中的患病率已得到广泛研究，但针对高危妊娠中 CA 的患病率的研究却很少。目的和目标：本研究旨在确定尼日利亚西南部伊巴丹高危孕妇中先天性异常的患病率和模式。
这是一项多中心横断面研究，于 2018 年 8 月至 2019 年 7 月在尼日利亚西南部伊巴丹的三家不同医院进行。符合纳入标准的高危孕妇被招募参加研究。在研究期间，参与者在妊娠 18-26 周期间使用 Voluson P6 超声机（GE Healthcare Korea）接受详细的胎儿异常扫描。从参与者那里获得了书面知情同意书。所有经超声诊断为先天性异常的胎儿均随访至妊娠终止或分娩。该研究获得了伦理批准。使用 SPSS 分析数据。
共有 418 名高危孕妇接受了详细的胎儿异常扫描，其中 13 名（3.1%）检测到 CA。虽然自发性流产是报告的最常见的母体危险因素，但它与先天性异常之间没有显著关联。最常检测到的异常是泌尿系统，而最少的是中枢神经系统。
在我们的环境中，高危孕妇的患病率很高，但她们的 CA 发病率与普通人群相似。因此，所有孕妇都需要进行产前超声筛查以发现先天性异常，无论其风险状况如何。
