From the George Washington University Hospital (JK), Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care (DY, IB, DD, EH), Department of Emergency Medicine (DY, OWP); The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences (KZ), School of Engineering and Applies Sciences (KD).
J Am Board Fam Med. 2022 Mar-Apr;35(2):284-294. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.02.210272.
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted health care workers (HCW). Most research focused on the adverse mental health effects during the initial surge of cases; and yet little is known about approximately how workers are faring 1 year into the pandemic. The objective of this study is to examine stress, burnout, and risk perception in an academic medical system, 1 year after the start of the pandemic.
HCW across care specialties participated in online surveys in Spring 2020 and Spring 2021. The surveys included questions related to workplace stress and risk perception related to COVID-19. Correlates of stress and burnout were explored using multivariable linear regression models. Professional Quality of Life Scale (PROQOL) questions were added to the second survey.
While HCW reported significantly fewer concerns about the risk of COVID-19 transmission to themselves and their families during the 2021 survey (compared with 2020), the percentage of workers who reported feeling excess stress at work or considered resigning stayed the same. One year into the pandemic, 57% of study participants met criteria for moderate or high levels of traumatic stress and 75% met criteria for moderate or high levels of burnout. As compared with participants who cared for no COVID-19 deaths, participants who cared for COVID-19 patients who died had significantly higher traumatic stress (1 to 10: Coef. = 2.7, = ; >10: Coef. = 6.7, < ) and burnout scores (1 to 10: Coef. = 2.7, = ; >10: Coef. = 2.6, = ).
While Although perceptions of risk declined over the course of the year, levels of stress still remained high despite high vaccination rates. Those who witnessed more COVID-19 deaths were more likely to report increased burnout and post-traumatic stress. As our nation continues to grapple with the COVID-19 pandemic and new variants emerge it is imperative to focus on recovery strategies for high burnout groups to ensure the wellbeing of our health care workforce.
COVID-19 大流行对卫生保健工作者（HCW）产生了重大影响。大多数研究都集中在疫情初期对心理健康的不良影响上；然而，人们对大流行一年后工作人员的情况知之甚少。本研究的目的是在大流行开始一年后，研究学术医疗系统中 HCW 的压力、倦怠和风险感知。
2020 年春季和 2021 年春季，各医疗专业的 HCW 参与了在线调查。调查包括与工作场所压力和与 COVID-19 相关的风险感知相关的问题。使用多变量线性回归模型探讨压力和倦怠的相关因素。第二份调查中增加了职业生活质量量表（PROQOL）的问题。
尽管与 2020 年相比，HCW 在 2021 年的调查中报告对自身和家人感染 COVID-19 的风险的担忧明显减少，但报告工作压力过大或考虑辞职的员工比例保持不变。大流行一年后，57%的研究参与者符合中度或高度创伤性应激的标准，75%符合中度或高度倦怠的标准。与照顾 COVID-19 死亡患者的参与者相比，照顾 COVID-19 死亡患者的参与者的创伤性应激（1-10：Coef. = 2.7， = ；>10：Coef. = 6.7， < ）和倦怠得分（1-10：Coef. = 2.7， = ；>10：Coef. = 2.6， = ）更高。
尽管在这一年中，风险感知有所下降，但尽管疫苗接种率很高，但压力水平仍然很高。那些目睹更多 COVID-19 死亡的人更有可能报告倦怠和创伤后应激增加。随着我们国家继续应对 COVID-19 大流行和新的变异出现，当务之急是关注高倦怠群体的恢复策略，以确保我们的医疗保健工作者的健康。
