Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
J Appl Microbiol. 2022 Jun;132(6):4266-4276. doi: 10.1111/jam.15566. Epub 2022 Apr 11.
This work evaluated the effects of epiphytic microbiota and chemical components on fermentation quality and microbial community of ensiled oat.
Oat harvested at the heading stage (HS) and the milk stage (MS) was sterilized by gamma-ray irradiation and inoculated as the following: (1) HS epiphytic microbiota + sterilized HS (H-H); (2) MS epiphytic microbiota + sterilized HS (M-H); (3) MS epiphytic microbiota + sterilized MS (M-M); and (4) HS epiphytic microbiota + sterilized MS (H-M). After 60-day fermentation, silages inoculated with the epiphytic microbiota of HS had higher acetic acid content than those inoculated with MS. Silage made from sterilized MS had lower pH, ammonia nitrogen and butyric acid contents and higher dry matter, water-soluble carbohydrates and lactic acid contents than that made from sterilized HS. The microbial communities of oat silages were similar, and they were mainly Lactobacillus.
The chemical component rather than the epiphytic microbiota at harvest exerted more effects on oat silages.
This work reveals the different effects of chemical and microbial factors on the fermentation of silage, which is instructive for us to produce quality silage.
本研究评估了附生微生物群和化学组分对燕麦青贮发酵品质和微生物群落的影响。
采用γ射线辐照对处于抽穗期（HS）和乳熟期（MS）的燕麦进行灭菌处理，并接种以下处理：（1）HS 附生微生物群+灭菌 HS（H-H）；（2）MS 附生微生物群+灭菌 HS（M-H）；（3）MS 附生微生物群+灭菌 MS（M-M）；和（4）HS 附生微生物群+灭菌 MS（H-M）。经过 60 天发酵后，接种 HS 附生微生物群的青贮料中乙酸含量高于接种 MS 附生微生物群的青贮料。与来自灭菌 HS 的青贮料相比，来自灭菌 MS 的青贮料具有更低的 pH 值、氨态氮和丁酸含量以及更高的干物质、水溶性碳水化合物和乳酸含量。燕麦青贮料的微生物群落相似，主要为乳杆菌属。
收获时的化学组分而非附生微生物群对燕麦青贮料的发酵有更大的影响。
本研究揭示了化学和微生物因素对青贮发酵的不同影响，这对我们生产优质青贮料具有指导意义。
