Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, Canada.
Agassiz Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC, Canada.
J Econ Entomol. 2022 Jun 8;115(3):773-782. doi: 10.1093/jee/toac037.
Wireworms are significant pests of a variety of economically important crops grown in the Canadian Prairies. These soil-dwelling larvae of click beetles feed on and burrow into the accessible underground plant tissues, which can result in cosmetic injury, stunting, wilting, and plant death. Successful management of wireworms relies on accurate estimations of their abundance and activity in infested fields. Bait trapping is the most commonly used method for sampling wireworms and standardized approaches have been developed; however, little work has been done to optimize trapping efficacy in different geographical regions. In this study, we evaluated the effect of bait trapping duration, seed formulation, and the causal relationship with CO2 production and soil temperature on the wireworm catch in three fields located in Manitoba, Canada. As expected, wireworm catch increased with trapping duration and placing traps in ground for 8 d is adequate in most cases. Both barley and wheat were more effective baits than soybean; however, barley released more CO2 (i.e., an attractant for wireworms) and performed better at elevated soil temperatures. Overall, the results of this study will serve as valuable guidelines to improve current wireworm sampling methods, and can be integrated into strategies aimed at managing these important pests to crop production.
钢丝虫是加拿大草原上多种重要经济作物的重要害虫。这些叩头虫的地下幼虫以可及的地下植物组织为食并在其中挖掘，这可能导致表面损伤、生长迟缓、枯萎和植物死亡。钢丝虫的成功管理依赖于对其在受灾区的丰度和活动的准确估计。诱饵诱捕是最常用的钢丝虫采样方法，已经制定了标准化的方法；然而，在不同的地理区域优化诱捕效果的工作很少。在这项研究中，我们评估了诱饵诱捕持续时间、种子配方以及与 CO2 产生和土壤温度的因果关系对加拿大马尼托巴省三个地点的钢丝虫捕获量的影响。正如预期的那样，随着诱捕持续时间的增加，钢丝虫的捕获量增加，在大多数情况下，将诱捕器放置在地面上 8 天就足够了。大麦和小麦比大豆更有效作为诱饵；然而，大麦释放出更多的 CO2（即钢丝虫的引诱剂），并在土壤温度升高时表现更好。总的来说，这项研究的结果将为改进当前的钢丝虫采样方法提供有价值的指导，并可纳入旨在管理这些重要害虫对作物生产的策略中。
