Kontopodi Eva, Stahl Bernd, van Goudoever Johannes B, Boeren Sjef, Timmermans Rian A H, den Besten Heidy M W, Van Elburg Ruurd M, Hettinga Kasper
Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Mar 21;10:828448. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.828448. eCollection 2022.
Holder pasteurization (HoP) is the current recommended treatment for donor human milk. Although this method inactivates microbial contaminants, it also negatively affects various milk components. High-pressure processing (HPP, 400, 500, and 600 MPa), ultraviolet-C irradiation (UV-C, 2,430, 3,645, and 4,863 J/L) and thermoultrasonication (TUS, 1,080 and 1,620 kJ/L) were investigated as alternatives to thermal pasteurization (HoP). We assessed the effects of these methods on microbiological safety, and on concentration and functionality of immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, lysozyme and bile salt-stimulated lipase, with LC-MS/MS-based proteomics and activity assays. HoP, HPP, TUS, and UV-C at 4863 J/L, achieved >5-log microbial reduction. Native protein levels and functionality showed the highest reduction following HoP, while no significant reduction was found after less intense HPP and all UV-C treatments. Immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, and lysozyme contents were also preserved after low intensity TUS, but bile salt-stimulated lipase activity was significantly reduced. This study demonstrated that HPP and UV-C may be considered as suitable alternatives to HoP, since they were able to ensure sufficient microbial inactivation while at the same time better preserving the bioactive components of donor human milk. In summary, our results provide valuable insights regarding the evaluation and selection of suitable processing methods for donor human milk treatment, which may replace HoP in the future.
保持式巴氏杀菌法（HoP）是目前推荐的供体人乳处理方法。尽管这种方法能使微生物污染物失活，但也会对各种乳成分产生负面影响。研究了高压处理（HPP，400、500和600兆帕）、紫外线C照射（UV-C，2430、3645和4863焦/升）和热超声处理（TUS，1080和1620千焦/升）作为热巴氏杀菌法（HoP）的替代方法。我们通过基于液相色谱-串联质谱的蛋白质组学和活性测定，评估了这些方法对微生物安全性以及免疫球蛋白A、乳铁蛋白、溶菌酶和胆汁盐刺激脂肪酶的浓度及功能的影响。HoP、4863焦/升的HPP、TUS和UV-C实现了>5个对数级的微生物减少。天然蛋白质水平和功能在HoP处理后下降最多，而强度较低的HPP和所有UV-C处理后未发现显著下降。低强度TUS处理后免疫球蛋白A、乳铁蛋白和溶菌酶含量也得以保留，但胆汁盐刺激脂肪酶活性显著降低。本研究表明，HPP和UV-C可被视为HoP的合适替代方法，因为它们能够确保充分的微生物灭活，同时更好地保留供体人乳的生物活性成分。总之，我们的结果为评估和选择合适的供体人乳处理方法提供了有价值的见解，未来可能会取代HoP。
