Zhao Rui, Shang Tieliang, Yuan Bo, Zhu Xiangdong, Zhang Xingdong, Yang Xiao
National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
Bioact Mater. 2022 Jan 21;17:379-393. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.007. eCollection 2022 Nov.
While most bone defects can be repaired spontaneously, the healing process can be complicated due to insufficient bone regeneration when osteoporosis occurs. Synthetic materials that intrinsically stimulate bone formation without inclusion of exogenous cells or growth factors represent a highly desirable alternative to current grafting strategies for the management of osteoporotic defects. Herein, we developed a series of hydroxyapatite bioceramics composed of a microwhiskered scaffold (wHA) reinforced with multiple layers of releasable hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA). These novel bioceramics (nwHA) are tunable to optimize the loading amount of nHA for osteoporotic bone formation. The utility of nwHA bioceramics for the proliferation or differentiation of osteoporotic osteoblasts in vitro is demonstrated. A much more compelling response is seen when bioceramics are implanted in critical-sized femur defects in osteoporotic rats, as nwHA bioceramics promote significantly higher bone regeneration and delay adjacent bone loss. Moreover, the nwHA bioceramics loaded with a moderate amount of nHA can induce new bone formation with a higher degree of ossification and homogenization. Two types of osteogenesis inside the nwHA bioceramic pores were discovered for the first time, depending on the direction of growth of the new bone. The current study recommends that these tailored hybrid micro/nanostructured bioceramics represent promising candidates for osteoporotic bone repair.
虽然大多数骨缺损能够自发修复，但当发生骨质疏松时，由于骨再生不足，愈合过程可能会变得复杂。本质上能够刺激骨形成而不包含外源性细胞或生长因子的合成材料，是目前用于治疗骨质疏松性骨缺损的移植策略的一种非常理想的替代方案。在此，我们开发了一系列羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷，其由多层可释放的羟基磷灰石纳米颗粒（nHA）增强的微晶须支架（wHA）组成。这些新型生物陶瓷（nwHA）可进行调节，以优化用于骨质疏松性骨形成的nHA负载量。证明了nwHA生物陶瓷在体外对骨质疏松性成骨细胞增殖或分化的效用。当将生物陶瓷植入骨质疏松大鼠的临界尺寸股骨缺损中时，会观察到更显著的反应，因为nwHA生物陶瓷能显著促进更高的骨再生并延缓相邻骨丢失。此外，负载适量nHA的nwHA生物陶瓷可诱导具有更高骨化程度和均匀性的新骨形成。首次发现nwHA生物陶瓷孔隙内的两种骨生成类型，这取决于新骨的生长方向。当前研究表明，这些定制的微/纳米结构混合生物陶瓷是骨质疏松性骨修复的有希望的候选材料。
