Dayanandan Anoop Puthiyoth, Cho Woong Jin, Kang Hyemin, Bello Alvin Bacero, Kim Byoung Ju, Arai Yoshie, Lee Soo-Hong
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
ATEMs, Seoul, 05836, Republic of Korea.
Biomater Res. 2023 Jul 13;27(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s40824-023-00413-7.
Osteoporosis is a pathological condition characterized by an accelerated bone resorption rate, resulting in decreased bone density and increased susceptibility to fractures, particularly among the elderly population. While conventional treatments for osteoporosis have shown efficacy, they are associated with certain limitations, including limited drug bioavailability, non-specific administration, and the occurrence of adverse effects. In recent years, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising approach for managing osteoporosis. Nanoparticles possess unique physicochemical properties, such as a small size, large surface area-to-volume ratio, and tunable surface characteristics, which enable them to overcome the limitations of conventional therapies. These nanoparticles offer several advantages, including enhanced drug stability, controlled release kinetics, targeted bone tissue delivery, and improved drug bioavailability. This comprehensive review aims to provide insights into the recent advancements in nanoparticle-based therapy for osteoporosis. It elucidates the various types of nanoparticles employed in this context, including silica, polymeric, solid lipid, and metallic nanoparticles, along with their specific processing techniques and inherent properties that render them suitable as potential drug carriers for osteoporosis treatment. Furthermore, this review discusses the challenges and future suggestions associated with the development and translation of nanoparticle drug delivery systems for clinical use. These challenges encompass issues such as scalability, safety assessment, and regulatory considerations. However, despite these challenges, the utilization of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems holds immense promise in revolutionizing the field of osteoporosis management by enabling more effective and targeted therapies, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes.
骨质疏松症是一种病理状态，其特征是骨吸收速率加快，导致骨密度降低，骨折易感性增加，尤其是在老年人群体中。虽然传统的骨质疏松症治疗方法已显示出疗效，但它们存在一定的局限性，包括药物生物利用度有限、给药方式不特异以及出现不良反应。近年来，基于纳米颗粒的药物递送系统已成为治疗骨质疏松症的一种有前景的方法。纳米颗粒具有独特的物理化学性质，如尺寸小、表面积与体积比大以及可调节的表面特性，这使它们能够克服传统疗法的局限性。这些纳米颗粒具有多种优势，包括增强药物稳定性、可控释放动力学、靶向骨组织递送以及提高药物生物利用度。这篇综述旨在深入探讨基于纳米颗粒的骨质疏松症治疗的最新进展。它阐明了在此背景下使用的各种类型的纳米颗粒，包括二氧化硅、聚合物、固体脂质和金属纳米颗粒，以及它们的特定加工技术和固有特性，这些特性使它们适合作为骨质疏松症治疗的潜在药物载体。此外，本综述讨论了与纳米颗粒药物递送系统开发和转化为临床应用相关的挑战和未来建议。这些挑战包括可扩展性、安全性评估和监管考虑等问题。然而，尽管存在这些挑战，基于纳米颗粒的药物递送系统的应用在彻底改变骨质疏松症管理领域方面具有巨大潜力，通过实现更有效和靶向的治疗，最终改善患者预后。
