Insecticide Resistance Research Group (IRRG), School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
Parasit Vectors. 2022 Apr 6;15(1):122. doi: 10.1186/s13071-022-05192-z.
Improved understanding of the molecular basis of insecticide resistance may yield new opportunities for control of relevant disease vectors. In this current study, we investigated the quantification responses for the phenotypic and genotypic resistance of Aedes aegypti populations from different states in Malaysia.
We tested the insecticide susceptibility status of adult Ae. aegypti from populations of three states, Penang, Selangor and Kelantan (Peninsular Malaysia), against 0.25% permethrin and 0.25% pirimiphos-methyl using the World Health Organisation (WHO) adult bioassay method. Permethrin-resistant and -susceptible samples were then genotyped for domains II and III in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) for the presence of any diagnostic single-nucleotide mutations. To validate AS-PCR results and to identify any possible additional point mutations, these two domains were sequenced.
The bioassays revealed that populations of Ae. aegypti from these three states were highly resistant towards 0.25% permethrin and 0.25% pirimiphos-methyl. Genotyping results showed that three knockdown (kdr) mutations (S989P, V1016G and F1534C) were associated with pyrethroid resistance within these populations. The presence of a novel mutation, the A1007G mutation, was also detected.
This study revealed the high resistance level of Malaysian populations of Ae. aegypti to currently used insecticides. The resistance could be due to the widespread presence of four kdr mutations in the field and this could potentially impact the vector control programmes in Malaysia and alternative solutions should be sought.
对杀虫剂抗性的分子基础的深入了解可能为相关病媒的控制提供新的机会。在本研究中，我们调查了来自马来西亚不同州的埃及伊蚊种群的表型和基因型抗性的定量反应。
我们使用世界卫生组织（WHO）成人体生物测定法，测试了来自槟城、雪兰莪和吉兰丹（马来西亚半岛）三个州的埃及伊蚊成虫对 0.25%氯菊酯和 0.25%吡虫啉的抗药性。然后，使用等位基因特异性聚合酶链反应（AS-PCR）对耐氯菊酯和敏感样本的电压门控钠离子通道（vgsc）基因的 II 和 III 结构域进行基因分型，以检测任何诊断性单核苷酸突变的存在。为了验证 AS-PCR 结果并鉴定任何可能的额外点突变，我们对这两个结构域进行了测序。
生物测定表明，来自这三个州的埃及伊蚊种群对 0.25%氯菊酯和 0.25%吡虫啉具有高度抗性。基因分型结果表明，三个击倒（kdr）突变（S989P、V1016G 和 F1534C）与这些种群中的拟除虫菊酯抗性有关。还检测到一个新的突变，即 A1007G 突变。
本研究揭示了马来西亚埃及伊蚊种群对目前使用的杀虫剂的高抗性水平。这种抗性可能是由于在田间广泛存在四种 kdr 突变所致，这可能会对马来西亚的病媒控制计划产生影响，应寻求替代解决方案。
