Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Avenida Universidad s/n Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolas de los Garza, NL 66455, Mexico.
Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, UCBE-UADY, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico.
J Med Entomol. 2022 May 11;59(3):930-939. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjac032.
In Mexico, Aedes aegypti (L.) is the primary dengue vector, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. The continued use of synthetic pyrethroids has led to the development of resistance in target populations, which has diminished the effectiveness of vector control programs. Resistance has been associated with disadvantages that affect the biological parameters of resistant mosquitoes compared to susceptible ones. In the present study, the disadvantages were evaluated by parameters related to survival and reproduction ('fitness cost') after selection with deltamethrin for five generations. The parameters analyzed were the length of the development cycle, sex ratio, survival, longevity, fecundity, egg viability, preoviposition, oviposition and postoviposition periods, and growth parameters. In the deltamethrin-selected strain, there was a decrease in the development cycle duration, the percentage of pupae, the oviposition period, and eggs viability. Although mean daily fecundity was not affected after the selection process, this, together with the decrease in the survival and fecundity levels by specific age, significantly affected the gross reproductive rate (GRR), net reproductive rate (Ro), and intrinsic growth rate (rm) of the group selected for five generations with deltamethrin compared to the group without selection. Identifying the 'cost' of resistance in biological fitness represents an advantage if it is desired to limit the spread of resistant populations since the fitness cost is the less likely that resistant individuals will spread in the population. This represents an important factor to consider in designing integrated vector management programs.
在墨西哥，埃及伊蚊（L.）是登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒的主要传播媒介。合成拟除虫菊酯的持续使用导致目标人群产生了抗药性，从而降低了病媒控制计划的效果。抗性与影响抗性蚊子与易感蚊子相比的生物学参数的不利因素有关。在本研究中，通过与拟除虫菊酯接触五代后与生存和繁殖相关的参数（“适应成本”）来评估不利因素。分析的参数包括发育周期的长度、性别比例、存活率、寿命、繁殖力、卵活力、预产卵、产卵和产后时期以及生长参数。在选择拟除虫菊酯的品系中，发育周期持续时间、蛹的百分比、产卵期和卵活力降低。尽管选择过程后平均每日的产卵量没有受到影响，但这与特定年龄的存活率和繁殖力水平的降低相结合，显著影响了经过五代拟除虫菊酯选择的组的总生殖率（GRR）、净生殖率（Ro）和内在增长率（rm），与未选择的组相比。如果希望限制抗性种群的传播，那么在生物适应能力方面确定“抗性成本”是一种优势，因为适应成本不太可能使抗性个体在种群中传播。这是在设计综合病媒管理计划时需要考虑的一个重要因素。
