School of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Australia; The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Australia; Center for Multilingualism in Society Across the Lifespan, University of Oslo, Norway; Centre of Excellence for the Dynamics of Language, Australian Research Council, Australia.
Department of Linguistics and Modern Languages, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Brain Lang. 2022 Jun;229:105106. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105106. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
Some prior investigations suggest that tone perception is flexible, reasonably independent of native phonology, whereas others suggest it is constrained by native phonology. We address this issue in a systematic and comprehensive investigation of adult tone perception. Sampling from diverse tone and non-tone speaking communities, we tested discrimination of the three major tone systems (Cantonese, Thai, Mandarin) that dominate the tone perception literature, in relation to native language and language experience as well as stimulus variation (tone properties, presentation order, pitch cues) using linear mixed effect modelling and multidimensional scaling. There was an overall discrimination advantage for tone language speakers and for native tones. However, language- and tone-specific effects, and presentation order effects also emerged. Thus, over and above native phonology, stimulus variation exerts a powerful influence on tone discrimination. This study provides a tone atlas, a reference guide to inform empirical studies of tone sensitivity, both retrospectively and prospectively.
一些先前的研究表明，音调感知具有灵活性，与母语语音学相当独立，而另一些研究则表明它受到母语语音学的限制。我们在对成人音调感知的系统和全面的研究中解决了这个问题。从不同的音调语言和非音调语言社区中抽样，我们使用线性混合效应模型和多维标度法，测试了在与母语和语言经验以及刺激变化（音调特性、呈现顺序、音高线索）相关的情况下，对主导音调感知文献的三种主要音调系统（粤语、泰语、普通话）的区分能力。音调语言使用者和母语音调具有整体的区分优势。然而，也出现了语言和音调特异性效应以及呈现顺序效应。因此，除了母语语音学之外，刺激变化对音调辨别也有很大的影响。本研究提供了一个音调图谱，作为一个参考指南，以回顾性和前瞻性的方式告知音调敏感性的实证研究。
