Fan Cunxian, Yang Xiao, Nie Hui, Wang Shunxin, Zhang Liangran
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014 China.
Center for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
iScience. 2022 Mar 18;25(4):104115. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104115. eCollection 2022 Apr 15.
Meiotic crossover (CO) recombination between homologous chromosomes regulates chromosome segregation and promotes genetic diversity. Human females have different CO patterns than males, and some of these features contribute to the high frequency of chromosome segregation errors. In this study, we show that CO covariation is transmitted to progenies without detectable selection in both human males and females. Further investigations show that chromosome pairs with longer axes tend to have stronger axis length covariation and a stronger correlation between axis length and CO number, and the consequence of these two effects would be the stronger CO covariation as observed in females. These findings reveal a previously unsuspected feature for chromosome organization: long chromosome axes are more coordinately regulated than short ones. Additionally, the stronger CO covariation may work with human female-specific CO maturation inefficiency to confer female germlines the ability to adapt to changing environments on evolution.
同源染色体之间的减数分裂交叉（CO）重组调节染色体分离并促进遗传多样性。人类女性与男性具有不同的CO模式，其中一些特征导致了染色体分离错误的高频率。在本研究中，我们表明，在人类男性和女性中，CO共变都能传递给后代且未检测到选择作用。进一步研究表明，具有较长轴的染色体对往往具有更强的轴长共变以及轴长与CO数量之间更强的相关性，这两种效应的结果就是在女性中观察到的更强的CO共变。这些发现揭示了染色体组织一个先前未被怀疑的特征：长染色体轴比短染色体轴受到更协调的调控。此外，更强的CO共变可能与人类女性特有的CO成熟效率低下共同作用，使雌性生殖系在进化过程中具有适应不断变化环境的能力。
