Han Shufen, Li Yuezhen, Song Ruijuan, Gao Hui, Zhang Weiguo
School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Mar 22;9:829703. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.829703. eCollection 2022.
Probiotics consumption lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease, but whether it affects heart rate (HR) remains controversial. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the chronotropic effects of probiotics on heartbeat via a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Cochrane library, and Clinical Trials databases up to October 2021. Either a fixed-effects or a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
This meta-analysis included 13 studies involving 16 interventional trial arms and 931 participants according to inclusion criteria. The overall pooled estimate showed that probiotics supplementation had a slight, but no significant reduction of 0.28 bpm (95% CI: -1.17, 0.60) on HR. Relatively high heterogeneity was observed among included trials ( = 80.8%, heterogeneity < 0.001). Subgroup analysis displayed that probiotics supplementation significantly reduced HR by 2.94 bpm (95% CI: -5.06, -0.82) among participants with baseline HR ≥ 75 bpm, by 1.17 bpm (95% CI: -2.34, -0.00) with probiotics dose ≥1 × 10 CFU/day, and by 1.43 bpm (95% CI: -2.69, -0.17) with multiple-strain intervention. Meta-regression analysis showed that baseline HR was a major potential effect modifier of probiotics supplementation on lowering HR.
Hitherto, the overall evidence in the literature was insufficient to support the notion that probiotics supplementation has a class effect on HR reduction. However, in subgroup analysis, probiotics reduced HR significantly in those who had higher baseline HR, received a higher dose or multiple strains of probiotics.
食用益生菌可降低心血管疾病风险，但它是否会影响心率（HR）仍存在争议。因此，我们的研究旨在通过对随机临床试验的荟萃分析来评估益生菌对心跳的变时性作用。
通过检索截至2021年10月的PubMed、Cochrane图书馆和临床试验数据库来确定相关研究。采用固定效应或随机效应模型计算合并效应量和95%置信区间（CI）。
根据纳入标准，该荟萃分析纳入了13项研究，涉及16个干预试验组和931名参与者。总体合并估计显示，补充益生菌使心率略有降低，但不显著，降低了0.28次/分钟（95%CI：-1.17，0.60）。纳入试验之间观察到相对较高的异质性（I² = 80.8%，异质性P < 0.001）。亚组分析显示，在基线心率≥75次/分钟的参与者中，补充益生菌使心率显著降低2.94次/分钟（95%CI：-5.06，-0.82）；益生菌剂量≥1×10⁹CFU/天时，心率降低1.17次/分钟（95%CI：-2.34，-0.00）；多菌株干预时，心率降低1.43次/分钟（95%CI：-2.69，-0.17）。荟萃回归分析表明，基线心率是补充益生菌降低心率的主要潜在效应修饰因素。
迄今为止，文献中的总体证据不足以支持补充益生菌对降低心率有类效应这一观点。然而，在亚组分析中，益生菌在基线心率较高、接受较高剂量或多菌株益生菌的人群中显著降低了心率。
