Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, CHS, Gondar University, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, CHS, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2021 Nov;31(6):1199-1206. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v31i6.15.
Operative vaginal delivery refers to the use of measures to accomplish vaginal delivery through the use of instruments, mainly obstetric forceps and vacuum cups. In developed countries, the rate of cesarean section is increasing for fear of vaginal delivery complications, including instrumental delivery. This study was done to explore trends of operative vaginal deliveries and their characteristics.
A cross-sectional, facility-based retrospective study was conducted over a period of five years July 1, 2011, to June 30, 2016, using data collected from the labor ward logbook, patient charts. Data were coded, entered, using SPSS version 20 statistical software. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to describe and analyze the data into graphs and tables.
The rates of operative vaginal delivery and cesarean section over the five-year study period were 11.9% and 30.4%, respectively. The trend in the operative vaginal delivery rate declined from 15.8% in July 2011 to 9.9% in June 2016, while it shows a noticeable rise in cesarean section rate 25.4% to 33.8%. The trend in the use of vacuum has shown a sharp decrease from 58% in the 1st year to 10.5% in the fifth year of the study period. There is a rise in the use of forceps from 42% of all operative vaginal delivery in the first year to 89.5% in the fifth year.
This study shows that the rate of operative vaginal delivery has declined. The use of vacuum-assisted delivery has especially decreased compared to that of forceps-assisted delivery.
阴道分娩是指通过使用器械（主要是产钳和吸引器）来完成阴道分娩的一种手段。在发达国家，由于担心阴道分娩并发症（包括器械助产），剖宫产率不断上升。本研究旨在探讨阴道助产的趋势及其特点。
本研究采用回顾性、基于机构的横断面研究设计，对 2011 年 7 月 1 日至 2016 年 6 月 30 日期间的产房日志和患者病历数据进行分析。数据经过编码后使用 SPSS 20 统计软件进行录入。采用描述性统计分析对数据进行描述和分析，并以图表和表格的形式呈现结果。
在 5 年的研究期间，阴道助产和剖宫产的比例分别为 11.9%和 30.4%。阴道助产率的趋势呈下降趋势，从 2011 年 7 月的 15.8%下降至 2016 年 6 月的 9.9%，而剖宫产率则从 25.4%上升至 33.8%。使用吸引器的趋势则呈现出急剧下降，从第 1 年的 58%降至第 5 年的 10.5%。而使用产钳的比例则从第 1 年的所有阴道助产的 42%上升至第 5 年的 89.5%。
本研究表明，阴道助产的比例有所下降。与产钳相比，吸引器的使用率明显下降。
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