Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.
Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.
Anal Chim Acta. 2022 Apr 29;1204:339733. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339733. Epub 2022 Mar 17.
As an example of extending the functionality of analytical devices manufactured using four-dimensional printing (4DP), in this study we employed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) thermoplastic filaments, poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP)-incorporated ABS filaments, and multi-material fused deposition modeling three-dimensional printing (3DP) to fabricate a pH measurement device that underwent pH-dependent geometric changes. Upon immersion in a solution having a pH close to the value of pK of P4VP (ca. 5.0), electrostatic repulsion among the protonated units of P4VP resulted in swelling only of the part printed using the P4VP-incorporated ABS filaments, leading to lifting of the whole device along the z-axis (ΔH) in a pH-dependent manner. After optimizing the device's design and fabrication, this 4D-printed pH sensing claw exhibited linearity between the value of ΔH and values of pH in the range from 5.0 to 8.6. We used this 4D-printed pH sensing claw to perform pH analyses of complicated real samples, verifying its analytical reliability for non-electrochemical and non-optical pH measurement and highlighting the capability of 4DP technologies in the direct fabrication of stimuli-responsive sensing devices. We envision that 4DP technologies will prompt the manufacture of smart sensing devices through the printing of stimuli-responsive materials, thereby diversifying the development of 3DP-enabling analytical chemistry.
作为使用四维打印（4DP）制造的分析设备功能扩展的一个例子，在这项研究中，我们使用丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）热塑性长丝、聚（4-乙烯基吡啶）（P4VP）掺入的 ABS 长丝和多材料熔丝制造（FFF）三维打印（3DP）来制造一种经历 pH 值依赖性几何变化的 pH 值测量设备。当将其浸入接近 P4VP 的 pK 值（约 5.0）的溶液中时，P4VP 中质子化单元之间的静电排斥仅导致使用掺入 P4VP 的 ABS 长丝打印的部分膨胀，从而导致整个设备沿着 z 轴（ΔH）以 pH 值依赖性的方式抬起。在优化了设备的设计和制造之后，这种 4D 打印的 pH 感测爪在ΔH 值与 5.0 至 8.6 范围内的 pH 值之间表现出线性关系。我们使用这种 4D 打印的 pH 感测爪对复杂的实际样品进行 pH 分析，验证了其用于非电化学和非光学 pH 测量的分析可靠性，并突出了 4DP 技术在刺激响应感测设备的直接制造中的能力。我们设想 4DP 技术将通过打印刺激响应材料来促使智能感测设备的制造，从而使 3DP 赋能的分析化学的发展多样化。
