Verma Amit K, Aladel Alanoud, Dabeer Sadaf, Ahmad Irfan, Khan Mohammad Idreesh, Almutairi Malak Ghazi, Al-Harbi Alhanouf I, Beg Mirza Masroor Ali
Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India.
Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, India.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2022 Apr 2;15:1011-1021. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S352483. eCollection 2022.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing illnesses associated with metabolic dysregulation such as obesity affecting a large population become leading causes of death worldwide. Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC-5) and selectin-E were suggested to have effects on metabolism and diabetes, therefore present study aimed to evaluate the clinical importance of FNDC-5 and selectin-E among the T2DM patients with and without obesity.
Study included cohort of 200 T2DM patients with and without obesity. We evaluated FNDC-5, selectin-E mRNA expression as well as vitamin-D, and vitamin-B12 levels in among the T2DM patients with and without obesity.
Study observed significant difference in biochemical parameters included in study. T2DM patients with obesity had significantly higher fasting blood glucose levels (p<0.0001) and HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) (p<0.0001) compared to those T2DM patients without obesity. T2DM patients with obesity also had higher systolic blood pressure (p=0.001), LDL (low density lipoprotein) (p=0.02), TG (triglycerides) (p=0.02) and cholesterol (p=0.01) compared to T2DM patients without obesity. The mRNA expression of FNDC-5 (p<0.0001) was lower in T2DM patients with obesity compared to T2DM patients without obesity. It was observed that the T2DM patients with vitamin-D deficiency had significantly lower FNDC-5 mRNA expression (p=0.03) when compared with those with sufficient vitamin-D level. T2DM patients with clinically normal vitamin-B12 level expressed 0.60 fold FNDC-5 mRNA expression while B12 deficient T2DM patients had 0.28 fold FNDC-5 mRNA expression (p=0.005). No as such significant association was was observed with selectin-E. A negative correlation of FNDC-5 mRNA expression with Post prandial glucose (mg/dl) (p=0.04) and TG (mg/dl) (p=0.02) was observed.
FNDC-5 down regulation was observed with T2DM with obesity, vitamin-D and vitamin-B12 deficiency suggesting obesity, vitamin-D and vitamin-B12 deficiency could be the factor for FNDC-5 down-regulation leading to worseness or progression of disease. We suggest that FNDC-5 down-regulation could be used as an indicator for T2DM worseness and development of other associated complications.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）是一种与代谢失调相关的日益常见的疾病，如肥胖症，影响着大量人群，已成为全球主要死因。含III型纤连蛋白结构域蛋白5（FNDC - 5）和选择素 - E被认为对代谢和糖尿病有影响，因此本研究旨在评估FNDC - 5和选择素 - E在伴有和不伴有肥胖症的T2DM患者中的临床重要性。
研究纳入了200例伴有和不伴有肥胖症的T2DM患者队列。我们评估了伴有和不伴有肥胖症的T2DM患者中FNDC - 5、选择素 - E的mRNA表达以及维生素D和维生素B12水平。
研究观察到纳入研究的生化参数存在显著差异。与不伴有肥胖症的T2DM患者相比，伴有肥胖症的T2DM患者空腹血糖水平显著更高（p<0.0001），糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平也显著更高（p<0.0001）。与不伴有肥胖症的T2DM患者相比，伴有肥胖症的T2DM患者收缩压也更高（p = 0.001），低密度脂蛋白（LDL）（p = 0.02）、甘油三酯（TG）（p = 0.02）和胆固醇（p = 0.01）水平也更高。与不伴有肥胖症的T2DM患者相比，伴有肥胖症的T2DM患者中FNDC - 5的mRNA表达更低（p<0.0001）。观察发现，维生素D缺乏的T2DM患者与维生素D水平充足的患者相比，FNDC - 5 mRNA表达显著更低（p = 0.03）。临床维生素B12水平正常的T2DM患者FNDC - 5 mRNA表达为0.60倍，而维生素B12缺乏的T2DM患者FNDC - 5 mRNA表达为0.28倍（p = 0.005）。未观察到与选择素 - E有如此显著的关联。观察到FNDC - 5 mRNA表达与餐后血糖（mg/dl）（p = 0.04）和甘油三酯（mg/dl）（p = 0.02）呈负相关。
在伴有肥胖症、维生素D和维生素B12缺乏的T2DM患者中观察到FNDC - 5下调，提示肥胖症、维生素D和维生素B12缺乏可能是导致FNDC - 5下调从而导致疾病恶化或进展的因素。我们建议FNDC - 5下调可作为T2DM恶化及其他相关并发症发生的指标。
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