Aydin Mehmet, Evrendilek Fatih, Aydin Ismail Erkan, Savas Seckin Aydin, Evrendilek Deniz Eren
Department of Soil Science (Soil Physics), Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.
Air Qual Atmos Health. 2022;15(5):893-899. doi: 10.1007/s11869-022-01196-x. Epub 2022 Apr 2.
This study aimed at estimating the transport dynamics of a single severe acute respiratory syndrome corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-laden droplet of 1 to 500 μm in diameter at a wind speed from 1 to 4 m/s. Motion dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-laden respiratory droplets under calm or turbulent air conditions were quantified using a combined model. Dalton's law was implemented to estimate their evaporation. One-factor-at-a-time procedure was applied for the sensitivity analysis of model of deposition velocity. The transport distance of the single virus ranged from 167 to 1120 m as a function of the droplet size, wind speed, and falling time. The evaporation times of the droplets ≤ 3 and ≤ 14 μm in diameter were shorter than their settling times from 1.7 m in height at midnight and midday, respectively. Such droplets remained in the air for about 5 min as the droplet nuclei with SARS-CoV-2. The minimum transport distance of the respiratory droplets of 1-15 μm varied between 8.99 and 142 m at a wind speed range of 1-4 m/s, based on their deposition velocity. With their short transport distance, the larger droplet (30 to 500 μm) was not suspended in the air even under the windy conditions. The deposition velocity was found most sensitive to the droplet diameter. The droplets < 15 μm in diameter completely evaporated at midday and the droplet nuclei with the single virus can travel a minimum distance of 500 m under a horizontal wind speed of 3 m/s.
本研究旨在估算直径为1至500μm的单个载有严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的飞沫在风速为1至4m/s时的传输动力学。使用组合模型对平静或湍流空气条件下载有SARS-CoV-2的呼吸道飞沫的运动动力学进行了量化。采用道尔顿定律估算其蒸发情况。对沉积速度模型进行敏感性分析时采用了一次一因素法。单个病毒的传输距离在167至1120m之间，这是液滴大小、风速和下落时间的函数。直径≤3μm和≤14μm的液滴在午夜和中午从1.7m高度下落时，其蒸发时间分别短于沉降时间。这些液滴作为携带SARS-CoV-2的液滴核在空气中停留约5分钟。基于沉积速度，直径为1 - 15μm的呼吸道飞沫在1 - 4m/s风速范围内的最小传输距离在8.99至142m之间变化。由于传输距离短，即使在有风的条件下，较大的液滴（30至500μm）也不会悬浮在空气中。发现沉积速度对液滴直径最为敏感。直径<15μm的液滴在中午完全蒸发，携带单个病毒的液滴核在水平风速为3m/s时可传播的最小距离为500m。
