Wang Lei, Wang Tao, Peng Lele, Wang Yiliu, Zhang Meng, Zhou Jian, Chen Maoxin, Cao Jinhui, Fei Huilong, Duan Xidong, Zhu Jian, Duan Xiangfeng
State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, Hunan University, Changsha410082, China.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA90095, USA.
Natl Sci Rev. 2021 Mar 30;9(3):nwab050. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwab050. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries (RT-Na-S batteries) are attractive for large-scale energy storage applications owing to their high storage capacity as well as the rich abundance and low cost of the materials. Unfortunately, their practical application is hampered by severe challenges, such as low conductivity of sulfur and its reduced products, volume expansion, polysulfide shuttling effect and Na dendrite formation, which can lead to rapid capacity fading. The review discusses the Na-S-energy-storage chemistry, highlighting its promise, key challenges and potential strategies for large-scale energy storage systems. Specifically, we review the electrochemical principles and the current technical challenges of RT-Na-S batteries, and discuss the strategies to address these obstacles. In particular, we give a comprehensive review of recent progresses in cathodes, anodes, electrolytes, separators and cell configurations, and provide a forward-looking perspective on strategies toward robust high-energy-density RT-Na-S batteries.
室温钠硫电池（RT-Na-S电池）因其高存储容量以及材料丰富、成本低等优点，在大规模储能应用中颇具吸引力。不幸的是，其实际应用受到诸多严峻挑战的阻碍，比如硫及其还原产物的低导电性、体积膨胀、多硫化物穿梭效应和钠枝晶形成，这些都会导致容量迅速衰减。本文综述了钠硫储能化学，强调了其前景、关键挑战以及用于大规模储能系统的潜在策略。具体而言，我们回顾了RT-Na-S电池的电化学原理和当前的技术挑战，并讨论了应对这些障碍的策略。特别是，我们全面综述了阴极、阳极、电解质、隔膜和电池结构方面的最新进展，并对高性能高能量密度RT-Na-S电池的策略提供了前瞻性的观点。
