Wang Maonan, Jiang Hui, Liu Xiaohui, Wang Xuemei
State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Lab), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
iScience. 2022 Mar 19;25(4):104124. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104124. eCollection 2022 Apr 15.
Much of the current research into immune escape from cancer is focused on molecular and cellular biology, an area of biophysics that is easily overlooked. A large number of immune drugs entering the clinic are not effective for all patients. Apart from the molecular heterogeneity of tumors, the biggest reason for this may be that knowledge of biophysics has not been considered, and therefore an exploration of biophysics may help to address this challenge. To help researchers better investigate the relationship between tumor immune escape and biophysics, this paper provides a brief overview on recent advances and challenges of the biophysical factors and strategies by which tumors acquire immune escape and a comprehensive analysis of the relevant forces acting on tumor cells during immune escape. These include tumor and stromal stiffness, fluid interstitial pressure, shear stress, and viscoelasticity. In addition, advances in biophysics cannot be made without the development of detection tools, and this paper also provides a comprehensive summary of the important detection tools available at this stage in the field of biophysics.
目前许多关于癌症免疫逃逸的研究都集中在分子和细胞生物学领域，这是一个容易被忽视的生物物理学领域。大量进入临床的免疫药物并非对所有患者都有效。除了肿瘤的分子异质性外，最大的原因可能是尚未考虑生物物理学知识，因此探索生物物理学可能有助于应对这一挑战。为了帮助研究人员更好地研究肿瘤免疫逃逸与生物物理学之间的关系，本文简要概述了肿瘤获得免疫逃逸的生物物理因素和策略的最新进展与挑战，并对免疫逃逸过程中作用于肿瘤细胞的相关力进行了全面分析。这些因素包括肿瘤和基质硬度、组织间隙流体压力、剪切应力和粘弹性。此外，没有检测工具的发展就无法取得生物物理学的进展，本文还全面总结了现阶段生物物理学领域可用的重要检测工具。
