Auburn University, USA.
Auburn University, USA.
Behav Processes. 2022 May;198:104641. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2022.104641. Epub 2022 Apr 9.
Resurgence occurs when a previously reinforced and then extinguished target response increases due to a worsening of reinforcement conditions for an alternative response. We conducted four crowdsourcing experiments to evaluate effects of alternative-reinforcer rate and magnitude on resurgence with humans. Contingent on an alternative response, we manipulated across groups either the rate of point delivery (Experiment 1) or number of points delivered per reinforcer (Experiments 2-3). Experiment 4 arranged combinations of high- or low-rate and high- or low-magnitude alternative reinforcement across four groups. When extinguishing alternative responding across experiments, we observed resurgence of target responding with relatively high rates of alternative reinforcement but differences in reinforcer magnitude did not influence resurgence. A quantitative model based on the concatenated matching law, Resurgence as Choice in Context (RaC), provided a poor fit to the data, generally underpredicted target responding, and could not account for data from control groups experiencing extinction of target responding in the absence of alternative reinforcement. We then fit a modified version of RaC borrowing an assumption from theories of choice that suggest some proportion of reinforcers are misallocated between responses - this modified version of RaC provided a better account of these findings.
当一个先前被强化然后被熄灭的目标反应由于替代反应的强化条件恶化而增加时，就会出现复燃。我们进行了四项众包实验，以评估替代强化物的比率和大小对人类复燃的影响。在依赖替代反应的情况下，我们在各组之间操纵点传递的速度（实验 1）或每个强化物传递的点数（实验 2-3）。实验 4在四个组中安排了高或低比率和高或低幅度替代强化的组合。在整个实验中消除替代反应时，我们观察到目标反应的复燃与替代强化的相对高速度有关，但强化物幅度的差异并没有影响复燃。基于连锁匹配律的定量模型，即情境中的选择复燃（RaC），对数据的拟合效果不佳，通常低估了目标反应，并且无法解释在没有替代强化的情况下经历目标反应消退的对照组的数据。然后，我们拟合了 RaC 的一个修改版本，该版本借鉴了选择理论的一个假设，即一些强化物在反应之间被错误分配 - 这个修改版本的 RaC 更好地解释了这些发现。
