Department of Thoracic, General and Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Microbiology and Laboratory Medical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 24;14(7):1361. doi: 10.3390/nu14071361.
Lung cancer is one of the most common neoplasms globally, with about 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths annually. Although the most important factor in reducing lung cancer risk is lifestyle change, most patients favour the use of supplements, for example, rather than quitting smoking or following a healthy diet. To better understand the efficacy of such interventions, a systematic review was performed of data from randomized controlled trials concerning the influence of beta-carotene supplementation on lung cancer risk in subjects with no lung cancer before the intervention. The search corpus comprised a number of databases and eight studies involving 167,141 participants, published by November 2021. The findings indicate that beta-carotene supplementation was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (RR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.06-1.26). This effect was even more noticeable among smokers and asbestos workers (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.08-1.35) and non-medics (RR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.07-1.29). A meta-regression found no relationship between the beta-carotene supplementation dose and the size of the negative effect associated with lung cancer risk. Our findings indicate that beta-carotene supplementation has no effect on lung cancer risk. Moreover, when used as the primary chemoprevention, beta-carotene may, in fact, increase the risk of lung cancer.
肺癌是全球最常见的肿瘤之一，每年约有 220 万新发病例和 180 万人死亡。尽管降低肺癌风险最重要的因素是生活方式的改变，但大多数患者更喜欢使用补充剂，例如，而不是戒烟或遵循健康饮食。为了更好地了解这些干预措施的效果，我们对关于β-胡萝卜素补充剂对干预前无肺癌的受试者肺癌风险影响的随机对照试验数据进行了系统评价。搜索语料库包括一些数据库和八项研究，涉及 167141 名参与者，这些研究于 2021 年 11 月前发表。研究结果表明，β-胡萝卜素补充剂与肺癌风险增加相关（RR=1.16，95%CI=1.06-1.26）。这种效果在吸烟者和石棉工人（RR=1.21，95%CI=1.08-1.35）和非医务人员（RR=1.18，95%CI=1.07-1.29）中更为明显。元回归分析发现β-胡萝卜素补充剂量与与肺癌风险相关的负效应大小之间没有关系。我们的研究结果表明，β-胡萝卜素补充剂对肺癌风险没有影响。此外，当作为主要的化学预防剂使用时，β-胡萝卜素实际上可能会增加肺癌的风险。
